Some interesting results on compatible BER analysis issues related to multi-band timing and frequency synchronizers applicable for MB-OFDM based UWB communications

doi:10.1016/j.dsp.2010.06.004

Digital Signal Processing

Volume 21, Issue 2, March 2011, Pages 332-340

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsp.2010.06.004 Get rights and content

Abstract

A closed form expression of bit-error-rate (BER) has immense importance for insightful understanding on the performance of a communication system. In this paper we provide the BER analysis of a convolution coded MB-OFDM Ultra-Wideband (UWB) system that captures the log-normal fading statistics of UWB channels and also considers the estimation error variances of timing and carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation by our already published synchronizers¹ ATS (Sen et al., 2008 [1], [2]) and MBAFS (Sen et al., 2008 [3], [4]) respectively. By invoking the moment generating function (MGF) for log-normal fading statistics and using the Gauss–Hermite quadrature integration the average BER for rate $R_{c}$ coded QPSK modulation with ATS and MBAFS synchronizers and channel estimation by least square (LS) method is obtained. We compare the analytical result with simulation results in highest delay spread UWB channel model CM4 and validate the consistency of our theoretical analysis.

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References (15)

D. Sen, S. Chakrabarti, R.V. Raja Kumar, An energy based symbol timing synchronization scheme for MB-OFDM based...
D. Sen, S. Chakrabarti, R.V. Raja Kumar, A multi-band timing estimation and compensation scheme for ultra-wideband...
D. Sen, Saswat Chakrabarti, R.V. Raja Kumar, An efficient frequency offset estimation scheme for multi-band OFDM...
D. Sen, S. Chakrabarti, R.V. Raja Kumar, An improved frequency offset estimation algorithm by multi-band averaging...
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Citation Excerpt :
The signal processing in an MBOFDM UWB system considering the IEEE UWB channel environment was mathematically analyzed in Ref. [15]. The authors of Ref. [16] considered the estimation error variances of timing and carrier frequency offset and provided the BER analysis of a convolution coded MBOFDM system under the lognormal fading statistics of the UWB channel. An unbiased block synchronization algorithm based on the structure of the cyclic prefix, the presence of pilot tones in the OFDM block, and an estimation of channel time impulse response was proposed in Ref. [17].
The underground mine channel is highly hostile for communication. A sustainable communication system is required to be integrated as a multipurpose system capable of transferring all types of information such as data, voice and video on identical infrastructure. With its large bandwidth, the Ultra Wide Band (UWB) provides a promising solution to satisfy these requirements. The Multi-Band Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MBOFDM) UWB system provides high resilience to Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) caused by multipath fading channels. This study compares the performance of various existing multi-band UWB systems in the IEEE UWB channel and underground mine channel: MBOFDM, Multi-Band Orthogonal Frequency Code Division Multiplexing (MBOFCDM) and Multi-Band Orthogonal Wavelet Division Multiplexing (MBOWDM). Further, the application of 2D spreading to the MBOWDM UWB system is attempted, and as a result, the Multi-Band Orthogonal Wavelet Code Division Multiplexing (MBOWCDM) UWB system is proposed. The performance of the MBOWCDM system in the IEEE UWB channel and underground mine channel is investigated. The performance of the MBOWCDM UWB system is observed to be superior to those of other multi-band UWB systems. Moreover, the MBOWCDM UWB system supports a higher data rate with low complexity and lower overheads.
ECM and SAGE based joint estimation of timing and frequency offset for DMIMO-OFDM system
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Distributed multiple-input multiple-output (DMIMO) technology is a key enabler of coverage extension and enhancement of link reliability in wireless networks through distributed spatial diversity. DMIMO employs classic relay channels in between the source and the destination to opportunistically form a virtual antenna array (VAA) for emulating cooperative diversity. Use of multiple antennas at the relays further increases capacity and reliability of the relay–destination channel through multiplexing and diversity of MIMO antennas respectively. In such network, the signal received at the destination is characterized by multiple timing offsets (MTO) due to different propagation delay and multiple carrier frequency offsets (MCFO) due to independent oscillators of the relays. Hence, synchronization becomes a crucial issue in DMIMO in order to realize the distributed coherence. In this paper, we address joint estimation of MCFO and MTO in DMIMO orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with MIMO configuration at the relays for estimate-and-forward (EF) relaying protocol. Two iterative algorithms, based on expectation conditional maximization (ECM) and space alternating generalized expectation–maximization (SAGE) are proposed for joint estimation in presence of inter carrier interference (ICI). The robustness of both the estimators to ICI is evaluated by mathematical analysis and supported by extensive simulations. The performance of the proposed estimators is assessed in terms of mean square error (MSE) and bit error rate (BER). The theoretical Cramer–Rao lower bound (CRLB) of estimator error variance is also derived.
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Debarati Sen is associated with the SAIT India Lab., Samsung Electronics, Bangalore, India as a Chief Engineer. She was a National Doctoral Fellow, Govt. of India during her research towards Ph.D. at the G.S.S. School of Telecommunications, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India. Her research interest includes Wireless Communication Systems, mostly, UWB Communications, MB-OFDM, Synchronization, etc. A university topper for her masters in engineering, Debarati possesses experience at different levels in different institutions/industries. She is an editorial board member of an International Journal by Inderscience Publishers, TPC member of top tier IEEE conferences, and reviewer of IEEE journals and conference papers. She is a student member of IEEE and an associate member of IE(I).

Saswat Chakrabarti has been with the G.S.S. School of Telecommunications, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India, since 1991, where he is a Professor and present Head. He received M.Tech. and Ph.D. both in Electronics & Electrical Communications Engg. from IIT Kharagpur in 1985 and 1992, respectively. His research focuses on Wireless Communications, Error Control Coding, Digital Modulation schemes, Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks and Bio-Telemetry. Dr. Chakrabarti received Design Contest Award for Best Design Entry in the 18th Int. Conf. on VLSI Design and 4th Int. Conf. on Embedded Systems, 2005. He published more than 70 papers in international journals and conference proceedings. He has also been handling more than 20 consultancy and sponsored research and technology development projects. He is a member of IEEE.

R.V. Raja Kumar is presently the Vice Chancellor of the R.G. University of Knowledge Technologies, Hyderabad, India. Earlier, he was a Professor, Department of E&ECE, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India. He received M.Tech. in Microwave & Radar Engineering and Ph.D. in Digital Signal Processing in 1982 and 1987, respectively, from IIT-Kharagpur. His research interests include Digital Signal Processing, Wireless Communications, Detection and Estimation theory, and VLSI for Communication Systems. He published about 100 technical papers in international journals and conference proceedings. Dr. Raja Kumar was awarded the BOYS-CAST research grant from the Dept. of Science and Technology, Govt. of India in 1987. He received the first prize in the 1984 IEEE Region 10 Graduate Paper Contest. He served as a member of several committees of the central government bodies, was instrumental in the initiation and a founding member of the Indest Consortium. He has also been handling a number of consultancy and sponsored research and technology development projects. He is a senior member of IEEE.

¹: To avoid redundancy and to keep the length of the paper within justified limit, readers are requested to follow Refs. [1], [2] and [3], [4] for our earlier proposed timing and frequency synchronizers ATS and MBAFS respectively.

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Some interesting results on compatible BER analysis issues related to multi-band timing and frequency synchronizers applicable for MB-OFDM based UWB communications

Abstract

Section snippets

Digital Communication over Fading Channel

Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables