EditorialPassive optical network (PON) supported networking
Introduction
Passive optical network (PON) research and technology have matured in recent years and firmly established PONs as a key component for high-speed Internet access. In many instances users׳ private networks do not directly connect to PONs, but rather connect to PONs through other intermediate access technologies, such as DSL or cable networks [1].
As a specific example of a PON supported network, integrated fiber-wireless (FiWi) broadband access networks are expected to become an important infrastructure and service component for telecommunications as well as other economic sectors, most notably energy and transport. Beside incumbent and alternative telecom operators, utilities along with municipalities are increasingly responsible for a significant share of households passed with fiber-to-the-home/building (FTTH/B) in Europe as well as other regions worldwide. Business models along with technological choices will play key roles in the roll-out of future smart grid communications infrastructures. Such future infrastructures call for innovative partnerships between the various involved stakeholders, such as utility companies, network operators, and network service providers, as well as integration of the involved utility and networking technologies.
With the imminent confluence of energy and data networking, PONs will interface with a widening spectrum of users and applications. These applications may have conventional human-to-human (H2H) as well as machine-to-machine (M2M) specific traffic patterns and quality of service requirements that are very different from classical data users.
This special issue of Optical Switching and Networking seeks to provide a snapshot of the state-of-the-art in PON Supported Networking. The editorial for this special issue is organized as follows. Section 2 gives a brief review of the progression of optical networking research that has led to the exploration of PONs and their usage in larger interconnected network structures. The section gives succinct overviews of optical networking research in core, metro, as well as access networks, and culminates in an overview of present PON supported networks, such as hybrid access networks. Section 3 introduces the papers contained in this special issue. Building on the historical development leading to PON access networks and the snapshot of present research on PON supported networking, Section 4 outlines perspectives on the future development of PON supported networking. A vision for the integration of optical access/metro networks with the smart electric grid (smart grid) and their implications for a third industrial revolution are presented.
Section snippets
Origins
Optical networking has its origins in the desire to exploit the photonic properties of optical fiber for high-speed communication that is imperceptible to electro-magnetic interference. Optical fiber links have found wide-spread deployment in high-speed backbone links of the growing Internet. Broadly speaking, the optical networks that evolved over the past decades in support of communication over the Internet can be classified into core networks, metro networks, and access networks. In the
Overview of this special issue
This special issue of Optical Switching and Networking on PON supported networking contains seven articles. There is one article on the subject of PON supported digital subscriber line (DSL) access networks, two articles on the subject of PON supported wireless networks, two articles on the subject of energy efficiency for PON supported networks, and two articles on the subject of long-reach PONs.
Hybrid fiber/copper access networks have recently begun to receive some attention from the research
Outlook
Fig. 1 shows the anticipated next-generation PON (NG-PON) roadmap and migration from widely deployed ITU-T G.984 GPON and IEEE 802.3ah EPON to near-term NG-PON1 and mid- to long-term NG-PON2 broadband access solutions, as envisioned and widely agreed upon back in 2009. Beside resolving the notorious cost and complexity issues of cost-sensitive access networks, the primary design goal for future NG-PON1&2 broadband access networks was the provisioning of an ever increasing capacity over time, as
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Cited by (17)
Recent advances in Industrial Internet: insights and challenges
2020, Digital Communications and NetworksCitation Excerpt :Ericsson and other major vendors have used the PON technology in the broadband access portfolios. PONs can support applications, such as human-to-human and machine-to-machine communication, and have different traffic patterns as well as quality of service requirements from classical data users [15]. Wi-Fi: Wi-Fi is widely adopted in industry and enterprises, mainly used for the connection of internal IT networks.
Energy-efficient QoS-based OCDMA networks aided by nonlinear programming methods
2019, AEU - International Journal of Electronics and CommunicationsCitation Excerpt :Passive optical network (PON) is a network technology that interconnects the optical line terminal (OLT) and the optical network units (ONUs) without active elements and at a low cost. This technology is broadly used for broadband network access and mobile network infrastructure [1,44]. The interest of PONs is associated to the growth of traffic from content-delivery networks, data centers and Internet of things (IoT) [1–3,45].
Power allocation scheme for mitigation of fiber temperature fluctuations in OCDMA networks based on firefly algorithm
2018, Optical Switching and NetworkingCitation Excerpt :Passive optical network (PON) is a promising architecture for broadband access network and backhauling of mobile networks [1].
The next generation of passive optical networks: A review
2016, Journal of Network and Computer ApplicationsCitation Excerpt :The growth in RTT leads to a performance decrease (Skubic et al., 2010). Even though LR-PON is a significant approach that would extend PON networks and to reduce overall cost, there remain a number of limitations that include large propagation delays and this leads to inefficient utilization of upstream channels (De Andrade et al., 2014). The recent progress in PON technologies includes an effective development in power saving functions.
SCM/WDM-PON with in-service baseband embedded OTDR monitoring
2015, Optics Communications
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