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11 - Game theory and learning techniques for self-organization in small cell networks

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 December 2015

Prabodini Semasinghe
Affiliation:
University of Manitoba
Kun Zhu
Affiliation:
University of Manitoba
Ekram Hossain
Affiliation:
University of Manitoba
Alagan Anpalagan
Affiliation:
Ryerson University
Alagan Anpalagan
Affiliation:
Ryerson Polytechnic University, Toronto
Mehdi Bennis
Affiliation:
University of Oulu, Finland
Rath Vannithamby
Affiliation:
Intel Corporation, Portland, Oregon
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Summary

Small cell networks

The tremendous increase of bandwidth-craving mobile applications (e.g., video streaming, video chatting, and online gaming) has posed enormous challenges to the design of future wireless networks. Deploying small cells (e.g., pico, micro, and femto) has been shown to be an efficient and cost-effective solution to support this constantly rising demand since the smaller cell size can provide higher link quality and more efficient spatial reuse [1]. Small cells could also deliver some other benefits such as offloading the macro network traffic, providing service to coverage holes and regions with poor signal reception (e.g., macro cell edges). Following this trend, the evolving 5G networks [2] are expected to be composed of hundreds of interconnected heterogeneous small cells.

Figure 11.1 gives an illustration of a heterogeneous network (HetNet) where a macro cell is underlaid with different types of small cells. Different from the cautiously planned traditional network, the architecture of a HetNet is more random and unpredictable due to the increased density of small cells and their impromptu way of deployment. In this case, the manual intervention and centralized control used in traditional network management will be highly inefficient, time consuming, and expensive, and therefore will be not applicable for dense heterogeneous small cell networks. Instead, self-organization has been proposed as an essential feature for future small cell networks [3, 4].

The motivations for enabling self-organization in small cell networks are explained below.

  1. • Numerous network devices with different characteristics are expected to be interconnected in future wireless networks. Also, these devices are expected to have “plug and play” capability. Therefore the initial pre-operational configuration has to be done with minimum expertise involvement.

  2. • With the emergence of small cells, the spatio-temporal dynamics of the networks has become more unpredictable than legacy systems due to the unplanned nature of small cell deployment. Therefore intelligent adaptation of the network nodes is necessary. That is, the self-organizing small cells need to learn from the environment and adapt with the network dynamics to achieve the desired performance.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2015

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