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Robotic surgery: from autonomous systems to intelligent tools

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 August 2009

Ferdinando Rodriguez y Baena  and
Brian Davies
Ferdinando Rodriguez y Baena*
Affiliation:
The Mechatronics in Medicine Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College, Exhibition Road, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
Brian Davies
Affiliation:
The Italian Institute of Technology (Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia), Via Morego 16163 Genoa, Italy
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: f.rodriguez@imperial.ac.uk
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Summary

A brief history of robotic surgery is provided, which describes the transition from autonomous robots to hands-on systems that are under the direct control of the surgeon. An example of the latter is the Acrobot (for active-constraint robot) system used in orthopaedics, whilst soft-tissue surgery is illustrated by the daVinci telemanipulator system. Non-technological aspects of robotic surgery have often been a major impediment to their widespread clinical use. These are discussed in detail, together with the role of navigation systems, which are considered a major competitor to surgical robots. A detailed description is then given of a registration method for robots to achieve improved accuracy. Registration is a major source of error in robotic surgery, particularly in orthopaedics. The paper describes the design and clinical implementation of a novel method, coined the bounded registration method, applied to minimally invasive registration of the femur. Results of simulations which compare the performance of bounded registration with a standard implementation of the iterative closest point algorithm are also presented, alongside a description of their application in the Acrobot hands-on robot, used clinically for uni-condylar knee arthroplasty.

Keywords

Computer-assisted surgeryRobotic surgerySurgical navigationIntelligent toolsSmart toolsRegistrationBounded registration methodIterative closest point
Type
Article
Information
Robotica , Volume 28 , Special Issue 2: Surgical Robotics: System Development, Application Study and Performance Analysis , March 2010 , pp. 163 - 170
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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