Skip to main content
Log in

Moving Personal Robots in Real-Time Using Primitive Motions

  • Published:
Autonomous Robots Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Personal robotics is a new and attractive use of robotic technologies. In this paper we study one of its important topics—real-time motion planning of personal robots. We propose to use primitive motions and their combinations to make this possible. The primitive motion has a unified pattern and is borrowed from the motion pattern of human hands observed by previous researchers. The pattern is simple yet powerful and can form complex trajectories. A reflexive motion control scheme is proposed to activate appropriate primitive motions for a desired motion. As a result, real-time motion planning of personal robots becomes possible by using discrete and sparse human commands. Experiments results are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Agah, A. and Tanie, K. 1997. Human interaction with a service robot: Mobile-manipulator handling over an object to a human. In Proc. 1997 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, Albuquerque, NM, April 20-25, pp. 575-580.

  • Al-Jarrah, O. and Zheng,Y. 1996a. Intelligent compliant motion control. In Proc. 1996 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, Minneapolis, MN, April 22-28, pp. 2610-2615.

  • Al-Jarrah, O. and Zheng, Y. 1996b. Arm-manipulator coordination for load sharing using compliant control. In Proc. 1996 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, Minneapolis, MN, April 22-28, pp. 1000-1005.

  • Al-Jarrah, O. and Zheng, Y. 1997. Arm-manipulator coordination for load sharing using reflexive motion control. In Proc. 1997 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, Albuquerque, NM, April 20-25, pp. 2326-2331.

  • ATI Industrial Automation. 1994. Installation and operation manual for intelligent multi-axis force/torque sensor system. Garner, NC.

  • Brady, M., Hollerbach, J.M., Johnson, T.L., Lozano-Perez, T., and Mason, M.T. (Eds.). 1982. Robot Motion: Planning and Control, The MIT Press.

  • Bon, B. and Seraji, H. 1996. On-line collision avoidance for the ranger telerobotic flight experiment. In Proc. 1996 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, Minneapolis, MN, April 22-28, pp. 2041-2048.

  • Dario, P., Guglielmelli, E., Laschi, C., Fontanelli, R., and Susani, M. 1997. Human-robot interface for welfare and services. In 1997 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Workshop on Human-Centered Robotics, Albuquerque, NM, April 20-25.

  • Flash, T. and Hogan, N. 1985. The coordination of arm movements: An experimentally confirmed mathematical model. J. of Neuroscience, 5(7):1688-1703.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fiorini, P., Ali, K., and Seraji, H. 1997. Health care robotics: A progress report. In Proc. 1997 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, Albuquerque, NM, April 20-25, pp. 1271-1276.

  • Fleury, S., Souerse, P., Laumond, J.-P., and Chatile, R. 1993. Primitives for smoothing mobile robot trajectories. In Proc. 1993 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, Vol. 1, pp. 832-839.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kanayama, Y. and Hartman, B.I. 1989. Smooth local path planning for autonomous vehicles. In Proc. 1989 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, Vol. 3, pp. 1265-1270.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kim, K. and Zheng, Y. 1998. Human-robot coordination with rotational motion. In Proc. 1998 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, Leuven, Belgium, May 16-21.

  • Lee, C. and Xu, Y. 1996. Online, interactive learning of gestures of human/robot interface. In Proc. 1996 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, Minneapolis, MN, April 22-28, pp. 2982-2987.

  • Mascaro, S., Spano, J., and Asada, H. 1997. A reconfigurable holonomic omnidirectional mobile bed with unified seating (RHOMBUS) for bedridden patients. In Proc. 1997 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, Albuquerque, NM, April 20-25, pp. 1277-1282.

  • McGraw-Hill, Encyclopedia of Science & Technology, 8th edn. No. 15, RAB-RYE, pp. 285-287.

  • Mujtaba, M.S. 1987. Discussion of trajectory calculation methods. In Exploratory Study of Computer Integrated Assembly Systems, T.O. Binford et al. (Eds.), Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Stanford University, AIM 285.4.

  • Ozaki, H. and Lin, C.-J. 1996. Optimal B-spline joint trajectory generation for collision free movements of a manipulator under dynamic constraints. In Proc. 1996 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, Vol. 4, pp. 3592-3597.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinchard, O. 1996. Generalized polar polynomials for vehicle path generation with dynamic constraints. In Proc. 1996 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, Vol. 1, pp. 915-920.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scheuer, A. and Fraichard, Th. 1996. Planning continuous-curvature paths for car-like robots. In Proc. IROS'96, vol. 3, pp. 1304-1311.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomovic, R. 1989. Transfer of motor skills to machines. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 5(2/3):261-267.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wikman, T.S., Branicky, M.S., and Newman, W.S. 1993. Reflexive collision avoidance: A generalized approach. In Proc. 1993 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, Altanta, GA, May 2-6, pp. 31-37.

  • Wu, C.H., Young, K.Y., Hwang, K.S., and Lehman, S. 1992. Voluntary movements for robotic control. IEEE Control Systems Magazine, 12:8-14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zefran, M. and Kumar, V. 1996. Planning of smooth motions on SE(3). In Proc. 1996 IEEE Int. Conf. on Robotics and Automation, Vol. 1, pp. 122-126.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Xu, L., Zheng, Y.F. Moving Personal Robots in Real-Time Using Primitive Motions. Autonomous Robots 10, 175–183 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008934020111

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008934020111

Navigation