Abstract
The per service cost has been a serious impediment to wide spread usage of on-line digital continuous media service, especially in the entertainment arena. Although handling continuous media may be achievable due to technology advances in the past few years, its competitiveness in the market with existing service type such as video rental is still in question. In this paper, we propose a model for continuous media service in a distributed infrastructure which has a video warehouse and intermediate storages connected via a high speed communication network, in an effort to reduce the resource requirement to support a set of service requests. The storage resource and network resource to support a set of requests should be properly quantified to a uniform metric to measure the efficiency of the service schedule. We developed a cost model which maps the given service schedule to a quantity. The proposed cost model is used to capture the amortized resource requirement of the schedule and thus to measure the efficiency of the schedule. The distributed environment consists of a massive scale continuous media server called a video warehouse, and intermediate storages connected via a high speed communication network. An intermediate storage is located in each neighborhood, and its main purpose is to avoid the repeated delivery of the same file to a neighborhood. We consider a situation where a request for a video file is made sometime in advance. We develop a scheduling algorithm which strategically replicates the requested continuous media files at the various intermediate storages.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
T.E. Bell and M.J. Riezenman, “Technology 1997 analysis and forecast commucations: Communications,” IEEE Spectrum, pp. 27–37, 1997.
G. Bianchi, R. Melen, and A. Rainoni, “Performance of video storage hierarchy in interactive video services networks,” in Proc. of the 1995 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference. Part 2 (of 3), Singapore, 1995, pp. 805–810.
D.W. Brubeck and L.A. Rowe, “Hierarchical storage management in a distributed VOD system,” IEEE Multimedia Magazine, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 37–47, 1996.
R. Cocchi, S. Shenker, D. Estrin, and L. Zhang, “Pricing in computer networks: Motivation, formulation and example,” IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, Vol. 1, No. 6, pp. 614–627, 1993.
A. Dan and D. Sitaram, “Buffer management policy for an on-demand video server,” Technical Report IBM Research Report RC 19347, IBM Research Division, T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, 1993.
A. Dan and D. Sitaram, “An online video placement policy based on bandwidth to space ratio (bsr),” in Proc. of ACM SIGMOD, 1995, pp. 376–385.
Y. Doganata and A. Tantawi, “Making a cost-effective video server,” IEEE Multimedia, pp. 22–30, 1994.
S. Ghandeharizadeh and C. Shahabi, “On multimedia repositories, personal computers, and hierarchical storage,” in Conf. Proc. ACM Multimedia, 1994, pp. 407–416.
L. De Giovanni, A.M. Langellotti, L.M. Patitucci, and L. Petrini, “Dimensioning of hierarchical storage for video on demand services,” in Proc. of the 1994 IEEE International Conference on Communications, Vol. 3, New Orleans, LA, 1994.
T. Halfhill, “Break the bandwidth barrier,” BYTE, pp. 68–80, 1996.
ISO/IEC JTC1/SC29 WG11/602, Coding of Moving Pictures and Associated Audio, ISO/IEC 13818-2, Committee Draft, Nov. 1993.
D.R. Kenchammana-Hosekote and J. Srivastava, “Scheduling continuous media on a video-on-demand server,” in Proc. of International Conference on Multi-media Computing and Systems, Boston, MA, 1994. IEEE.
J. Kruse, “Open issues and challenges in providing quality of service guarantees in high-speed networks,” Computer Communication Review, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 6–15, 1993.
T.D.C. Little and D. Venkatesh, “Prospects for interactive video-on-demand,” IEEE Multimedia, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 14–24, 1994.
T.D.C. Little and D. Venkatesh, “Popularity-based assignment of movies to storage devices in a video-ondemand system,” Multimedia Systems, Vol. 2, No. 6, pp. 280–287, 1995.
C. Papadimitriou, S. Ramanathan, and P. Rangan, “Information caching for delivery of personalized video programs on home entertainment channels,” in Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. on Multimedia Computing and Systems, Piscataway, NJ, 1994, pp. 213–223. IEEE Press.
P. Rangan, H. Vin, and S. Ramanathan, “Designing an on-demand multimedia service,” IEEE Communication Magazine, Vol. 30, No. 7, pp. 56–65, 1992.
S. Shenker, D. Clark, D. Estrin, and S. Herzog, “Pricing in computer networks: Reshaping the research agenda,” Computer Communication Review, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp. 19–43, 1996. ACM SIGCOMM.
T.F. Sienknecht, R.J. Friedrich, J.J. Martinka, and P.M. Friedenbach, “Implications of distributed data in a commercial environment on the design of hierarchical storage management,” Performance Evaluation,Vol. 20, Nos. 1–3, pp. 3–25, 1994.
J. Sutherland and L. Litteral, “Residential video services,” IEEE Communications Magazine, Vol. 30, No. 7, pp. 36–41, 1992.
W. Tetzlaff, M. Kienzle, and D. Sitaram, “Using a storage hierarchy in movie-on-demand servers,” Technical Report, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Hawthorne, NY, 1994.
D. Towsley, “Providing quality of service in packet switched networks,” Technical Report, Department of Computer Science, University of Massachesetts, Amherst, 1993.
Y. Wan and D. Du, “Video file allocation over disk arrays for video-on-demand,” in Proc. of International Conference for Multimedia Computing and Systems, 1996.
Youjip Won and Jaideep Srivastava, “Distributed service paradigm of remote video retrieval request,” in Proc. of 6th IEEE International Symposium of High Performance Distributed Computing, Portland, Oregon, 1997, pp. 191–200.
Youjip Won and Jaideep Srivastava, “Optimal configuration of storage hierarchy,” in Proc. of 15th IEEE Symposium on Mass Storage System, College Park, MD, 1998.
Youjip Won and Jaideep Srivastava, “Stochastic analysis of storage hierarchy in massive scale data server,” in Proc. of SPIE Photonics East, Multimedia Storage and Archiving Systems III, Boston, MA, 1998, pp. 308–319.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Won, Y., Srivastava, J. Strategic Replication of Video Files in a Distributed Environment. Multimedia Tools and Applications 8, 249–283 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009690002658
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009690002658