Abstract
This paper presents a formally defined architecture allowing the design and the corresponding implementation of a set of modules that fulfill the quality of service requirements of PNSVS (Petri Net Synchronized Videoconference System), an application designed to run on top of an asynchronous environment. It describes the mechanisms and architecture allowing the system to enforce the temporal synchronization between the audio and video streams, the presentation quality, and the end to end delay. This synchronization method relies on a formal model extending time Petri nets: the Time Stream Petri Net (TSPN) model, that will be used to completely specify the time constraints of the application streams. From this, the communication architecture is improved by introducing a new partial order transport service that maximizes the PNSVS quality of service. The partial order transport principle is presented together with the pre-synchronization sub-layer, which makes the partial order transport service match the applicative synchronization requirements. Moreover, it will be shown that each layer of this synchronization architecture can be formally modeled by a well defined set of TSPN models.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
B. Adelberg, H. Garcia-Molina and B. Kao, Emulating soft real time scheduling using traditional operating system schedulers, in: Proceedings of the Real Time Systems Symposium, San Juan, Puerto Rico, December 7–9, 1994, pp. 292–298.
P.D. Amer, C. Chassot, T. Connolly, P. Conrad and M. Diaz, Partial order transport service for multimedia and other applications, IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking 2(5) (October 1994).
T.P. Baker, F. Mueller and V. Rustagi, Experience with a prototype of the POSIX minimal real time system profile, IEEE Newsletter on Real Time Systems (1994) 29–33.
B. Berthomieu and M. Diaz, Modelling and verification of time dependant systems using time Petri nets, IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering 17(3) (March 1991) 259–273.
G. Blakowski and R. Steinmetz, A media synchronization survey: reference model, specification, and case studies,IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 14(1) (January 1996) 5–35.
C. Chassot, M. Diaz and A. Lozes, From the partial order concept to partial order multimedia connections, Journal of High Speed Network 5(2) (1995) 181–191.
G. Coulson, G.S. Blair and P. Robin, Micro-kernel support for continuous media in distributed systems, Computer Networks and ISDN Systems 26 (1994) 1323–1341.
M. Diaz and P. Sènac, Time Stream Petri Nets, a model for multimedia streams synchronization, in: Proceedings of MultiMedia modeling '93, Singapore (November 1993) pp. 257–273.
M. Diaz and P. Sénac, Time Stream Petri Nets, a model for timed multimedia information, in: Proceedings of 15th International Conference on Application and Theory of Petri Nets, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, ed. R. Valette, Springer, Zaragoza (June 1994) pp. 219–238.
M. Diaz, K. Drira, A. Lozes and C. Chassot, Definition and representation of the quality of service for multimedia systems, in: 6th International Conference on High Speed Networking, HPN '95, Palma de Mallorca (Balearic Islands), Spain (September 11–15, 1995).
M. Diaz and P. Owezarski, From multimedia models to multimedia protocols, Computer Networks and ISDN Systems 29 (1997) 745–758.
K. Jeffay, D.L. Stone and F.D. Smith, Kernel support for live digital audio and video, Computer Communications 15(6) (July/August 1992) 388–395.
K. Jeffay, D.L. Stone and F.D. Smith, Transport and display mechanisms for multimedia conferencing across packet-switched networks, Computer Networks and ISDN Systems 26 (1994) 1281–1304.
K. Jeffay, On latency management in time-shared operating systems, IEEE Newsletter on Real Time Systems (1994) 34–38.
K.G. Shin and P. Ramanathan, Real time computing: a new discipline of computer science engineering, Proceedings of the IEEE 82(1) (January 1994).
D.I. Katcher, K.A. Kettler and J.K. Strosnider, Modeling DSP operating systems for multimedia applications, in: Proceedings of the Real Time Systems Symposium, San Juan, Puerto Rico (December 7–9 1994) pp. 287–291.
T.D.C. Little and A. Ghafoor, Synchronization and storage models for multimedia objects, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 18(3) (April 1990) 413–427.
P. Owezarski and M. Diaz, Models for enforcing multimedia synchronisation in visioconference applications, in: Proceedings of the 3rd MultiMedia Modeling conference-Towards the Information P.Owezarski, M.Diaz / Multimedia synchronization 185 Superhighway (MMM '96), World scientific ed., Toulouse, France (November 12–15 1996) pp. 85–100.
P. Owezarski, Conception et formalisation d'une application de visioconf´erence coopérative. Application et extension pour la téléformation, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Toulouse III (1996) p. 154 (In French).
P. Owezarski, M. Diaz and C. Chassot, A time efficient architecture for multimedia applications, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communication, Special Issue on Protocols and Architectures for Applications of the 21st Century 16(3) (April 1998) 383–396.
P. Sénac, M. Diaz and P. de Saqui-Sannes, Toward a formal specification of multimedia synchronization, Annals of Telecommunications (May/June 1994) 297–314.
P.Sénac, M. Diaz, A. Léger and P. de Saqui-Sannes, Modeling logical and temporal synchronization in hypermedia systems, IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 14(1) (January 1996) 84–103.
A. Vogel, B. Kerhervé, G. Von Bochmann and J. Gecsei, Distributed multimedia and QoS: A survey, IEEE Multimedia (Summer 1995) 10–19.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Owezarski, P., Diaz, M. New architecture for enforcing multimedia synchronization in videoconferencing applications. Telecommunication Systems 11, 161–185 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019193100884
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019193100884