Cross-Layer Design for Low-Power Wireless Sensor Node Using Wave Clock

Takashi TAKEUCHI; Yu OTAKE; Masumi ICHIEN; Akihiro GION; Hiroshi KAWAGUCHI; Chikara OHTA; Masahiko YOSHIMOTO

doi:10.1093/ietcom/e91-b.11.3480

Special Section on Emerging Technologies for Practical Ubiquitous and Sensor Networks

Cross-Layer Design for Low-Power Wireless Sensor Node Using Wave Clock

Takashi TAKEUCHI, Yu OTAKE, Masumi ICHIEN, Akihiro GION, Hiroshi KAWAGUCHI, Chikara OHTA, Masahiko YOSHIMOTO

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Keywords: cross-layer design, crystal oscillator, long-wave standard time code, low power listening, MAC

JOURNAL RESTRICTED ACCESS

2008 Volume E91.B Issue 11 Pages 3480-3488

DOI https://doi.org/10.1093/ietcom/e91-b.11.3480

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Abstract

We propose Isochronous-MAC (I-MAC) using the Long-Wave Standard Time Code (so called “wave clock”), and introduce cross-layer design for a low-power wireless sensor node with I-MAC. I-MAC has a periodic wakeup time synchronized with the actual time, and thus we take the wave clock. However, a frequency of a crystal oscillator varies along with temperature, which incurs a time difference among nodes. We present a time correction algorithm to address this problem, and shorten the time difference. Thereby, the preamble length in I-MAC can be minimized, which saves communication power. For further power reduction, a low-power crystal oscillator is also proposed, as a physical-layer design. We implemented I-MAC on an off-the-shelf sensor node to estimate the power saving, and verified that the proposed cross-layer design reduces 81% of the total power, compared to Low Power Listening.

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