Approximate Maximum Likelihood Approach for Code Acquisition in DS-CDMA Systems with Multiple Antennas

Sangchoon KIM

Publication
IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications   Vol.E88-B    No.3    pp.1054-1065
Publication Date: 2005/03/01
Online ISSN: 
DOI: 10.1093/ietcom/e88-b.3.1054
Print ISSN: 0916-8516
Type of Manuscript: PAPER
Category: Transmission Systems and Transmission Equipment for Communications
Keyword: 
code division multiple access,  multiple antennas,  code timing estimation,  multipath fading,  synchronization,  code acquisition,  

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Summary: 
The problem of estimating code timings in DS-CDMA systems with multiple antennas is considered in the presence of multipath time-varying fading channels and near-far environments. We present an efficient algorithm for an approximate maximum likelihood approach of jointly estimating the multipath timings of a desired user for DS-CDMA systems that consist of multiple antennas either uncorrelated or fully correlated in space. The procedures of the algorithm to estimate code-timings are developed in order to better exploit the time-varying characteristics of the fading process. In the multipath fading channels, the solution of the proposed algorithms is based on successively optimizing the criterion for increasing numbers of multipath delays. It is shown via simulation results that the modified approaches of the approximate maximum likelihood algorithm much more improve its acquisition performance in the time-varying fading channels. It is seen that the acquisition performance of multiple antennas based acquisition scheme is much better than that of a single antenna based timing estimator in the presence of multipath fading channels and the near-far problem. Furthermore, it is observed that the proposed algorithms outperform the correlator and MUSIC estimator in the multiuser environments with near-far situation on time-varying Rayleigh fading channels.