A 1pJ/bit Bypass-SPI Interconnect Bus with I2C Conversion Capability and 2.3nW Standby Power for Fabric Sensing Networks | IEEE Conference Publication | IEEE Xplore

A 1pJ/bit Bypass-SPI Interconnect Bus with I2C Conversion Capability and 2.3nW Standby Power for Fabric Sensing Networks


Abstract:

Enabling self-powered in-fiber or in-textile sensing systems necessitates the development of a compact, highly expandable, and ultra-low-power (ULP) communication protoco...Show More

Abstract:

Enabling self-powered in-fiber or in-textile sensing systems necessitates the development of a compact, highly expandable, and ultra-low-power (ULP) communication protocol. This work presents an ULP "bypass-SPI" chip-to-chip interconnect bus designed specifically for fabric-based network communication, requiring only a fixed set of four wires. This interconnect bus allows the chips to bypass the interconnect signals to the downstream chips using a dedicated bypass procedure, facilitating small form factors. A voltage and direction controller is integrated on-chip, which allows the expansion of interconnect signals in multiple directions, supporting mesh-style distributed fiber networks and enabling voltage shifting. Moreover, this interconnect bus is synthesizable, compatible with the standard SPI interfaces, and can be converted into an I2C protocol, significantly improving its flexibility. Fabricated in 65nm CMOS technology, measurements of the chip show that the chip achieves a minimum standby power of 2.3 nW and reduces the energy per cycle by over 17× down to 1 pJ/bit, compared to prior art. The communication between bypass-SPI chips and a RISC-V SoC is also measured, confirming the suitability of this interconnect bus for energy-and-space-constrained fabric-based sensing applications.
Date of Conference: 19-21 October 2023
Date Added to IEEE Xplore: 18 January 2024
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Conference Location: Toronto, ON, Canada

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