With the rapid development of rail transit in China, there is a great demand for the manufacturing capacity of intelligent equipment. Facing the demand of efficient cleaning of work-piece in rail transit, this paper proposes the automatic cleaning of assembly work-piece of railway vehicle by intelligent robot.Intelligent industrial robots are used to wash and deburr the work-piece in the intelligent processing. The main cleaning parts are fasteners, rods and valve bodies. The main technology is clean and deburr the work-piece with holes and deep holes. Binocular vision is used to identify the coarse positioning and fine positioning of the work-piece with holes, and different types of work-pieces are stored in memory, which is convenient for the robot to quickly clean and deburr. According to the coordinates of image processing holes, the robot can automatically optimize the path and complete the cleaning work.