In this paper, we address the resource allocation problem in wireless ad hoc networks from throughput and energy efficiency perspectives based on multiple access and time division. For static networks with dynamic transmitter-receiver assignments, we develop a topology-based receiver activation heuristic that partitions nodes (without capabilities of simultaneous transmission and reception) into disjoint transmitter and receiver groups. To extend the node lifetimes, we use the residual energies for the purpose of time allocation to receiver groups that are separately activated on disjoint time intervals. Then, the time-division mechanism of Group TDMA creates time orthogonality among transmitters interfering at non-intended destinations in each receiver group. The resulting formulation of linear programming based on traffic load distributions contributes simplicity to achieve effective throughput solutions. The proposed two-layered time-division structure of joint receiver activation and Group TDMA offers polynomial-time solutions to the problem of throughput and energy-efficient resource allocation in wireless ad hoc networks.