Optical biosensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) are powerful tools for detecting biomolecules. In this paper, a reconfigurable image acquisition and processing system for SPR sensors is presented. The system uses a FPGA device for acquiring and processing data from an image sensor to determine the angle at which the minimum reflectivity of the optical multilayer arrangement occurs. A frequency domain processing for smoothing the SPR signal is implemented in hardware. The system also incorporates a communication interface for sending processed and unprocessed data from the FPGA to a remote device and receiving settings regarding the data acquisition and data processing strategies.