Rogowski coils are commonly used as a current sensor head in electronic current transformers. Due to the absence of a magnetic core, the temperature has a greater impact on its error characteristics. The relationship between temperature rises and coil ratio error was analyzed by thermoelasticity theory and be verified by simulation method of this paper. Corresponding temperature tests were carried out to study the change of the coil measurement accuracy when the ambient temperature of the sensor head was changed. The results are in line with the theoretical derivation and simulation results.