A novel Kuiper's test-based spectrum sensing approach in cognitive radio is proposed in this paper. The Kuiper-based detector is a computationally efficient spectrum sensing algorithm, which exploits the maximum positive and negative deviations between the empirical cumulative distribution function (cdf) of received samples and that of noise signals as the test statistic, and is insensitive to the model mismatch. The Kuiper-based detector is further considered in the cooperative detection, where an improved fusion rule is adopted. Simulation results validate that compared with the existing detectors, the Kuiper-based detector provides superior detection performance and robustness with low computational complexity.