In this paper we introduce an improved Canny edge detection algorithm and an edge preservation filtering procedure for asphalt concrete (AC) applications. Datasets of AC images were randomly selected to test this algorithm. Computer simulations show that the improved algorithm can make up for the disadvantages of Canny algorithm, detect edges of AC images effectively, and is a less time-consuming process. Particularly, it has been shown that the presented algorithm can not only eliminate noises effectively but also protect unclear edges.