This study used MODIS 3 KM Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) products, ground-level PM2.5 measurements in Beijing and the Public Health knowledge to estimate the number of death attributed to the long-term exposure to a harmful level of PM2.5 concentrations. The study results demonstrated that 2015 population-weighted averaged PM2.5 in Beijing was 70.46 μg/m³, 369.73% exceeding the China's yearly standard. Additionally, it was estimated that in 2015, 4172 non-accidental deaths in Beijing may attribute to the long-term exposure of excessive PM2.5 concentrations.