Large-scale earthquakes are predicted to occur in Japan in the near future. Quantitative evaluation and comparison of micro-scale damage risk and initial response capability throughout the country is expected to support disaster prevention planning to mitigate damage during large-scale earthquakes. We developed an estimation method of fire resistance performance, structure, building age, and resident information of about 60 million buildings across Japan by disaggregating various census data into building polygon data. By comparing the results obtained by this method with true values, we found that the reliability of this method was high. Finally, by adding probabilistic seismic motions predicted to occur in Japan to these data, we could estimate damage risk corresponding to earthquake motion.