This paper will give a review of recent work on using networks of coupled oscillators for analog information processing. We will discuss the rationale of using coupled oscillators, and how they can be used to perform computational tasks, such as associative computing primitives, or how they can serve as hardware accelerators in vision processing pipelines. Further, we will study two specific physical implementations for such oscillator, namely relaxation oscillators based on metal-insulator phase transitions and magnetic spin-torque oscillators. We will also discuss the potential of such coupled-oscillator networks to solve computationally-hard optimization problems or even NP-hard problems.