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A Wideband Sliding Digital-IF Quadrature Digital Transmitter for Multimode NB-IoT/BLE Applications | IEEE Journals & Magazine | IEEE Xplore

A Wideband Sliding Digital-IF Quadrature Digital Transmitter for Multimode NB-IoT/BLE Applications


Abstract:

This article proposes a sliding digital-intermediate frequency (IF) quadrature digital transmitter (Q-DTX) for multimode multiband narrowband Internet of Things/Bluetooth...Show More

Abstract:

This article proposes a sliding digital-intermediate frequency (IF) quadrature digital transmitter (Q-DTX) for multimode multiband narrowband Internet of Things/Bluetooth low-energy (NB-IoT/BLE) applications. The digital upconverter (DUC) with a reconfigurable IF frequency between 0 and f_{\mathrm {CLK}} is employed to replace the traditional fractional upsampling module in digital baseband processing and effectively avoid the fractional sampling spur issue. A quadrature digital power amplifier (DPA) with in-phase and quadrature (IQ)-sharing and transformer-based Doherty techniques are realized to enhance the efficiency at 0/3/6-dB power back-offs (PBOs) while supporting 0.7–2.5-GHz wide frequency range with a compact single-transformer footprint. Implemented in 28-nm CMOS, this Q-DTX occupies only 0.79-mm2 core area. Powered by 0.9- and 1.8-V supplies, this Q-DTX achieves 28.7-dBm peak output power with 47.7% system efficiency (SE) at 0.9 GHz. For 180-kHz NB-IoT signal, this Q-DTX achieves 25.4-dBm average output power ( P_{\mathrm {avg}} ) and 40.9% average SE with an error vector magnitude (EVM) of-15.9 dB at 0.9 GHz and 21.8-dBm P_{\mathrm {avg}} and 22.9% average SE with an EVM of-16.2 dB at 1.7 GHz. For 1-MHz BLE signal at 2.4 GHz, it obtains P_{\mathrm {avg}} of 21.8 dBm and average SE of 16.6% with the Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK) error of 2.7%.
Published in: IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits ( Volume: 59, Issue: 5, May 2024)
Page(s): 1509 - 1520
Date of Publication: 06 October 2023

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