Relay technologies have been actively studied and considered in the standardization process of next-generation mobile broadband communication systems such as 3GPP LTE-Advanced, IEEE 802.16j, and IEEE 802.16m. This article first introduces and compares different relay types in LTE-Advanced and WiMAX standards. Simulation results show that relay technologies can effectively improve service coverage and system throughput. Three relay transmission schemes are then summarized and evaluated in terms of transmission efficiency under different radio channel conditions. Finally, a centralized pairing scheme and a distributed pairing scheme are developed for effective relay selection. Simulation results show that the proposed schemes can maximize the number of served UE units and the overall throughput of a cell in a realistic multiple-RS-multiple-UE scenario.