In this analysis, we discuss the critical role of machine learning (ML) in cyber security, in the context of the cyber threats highlighted by the ENISA “Threat Landscape 2023” report. We focus on ransomware, malware, social engineering attacks, data protection and infrastructure threats, showing how ML and deep learning contribute to their more effective detection and management. The analysis emphasizes the importance of cybersecurity awareness, education, and best practices for digital security, highlighting the importance of up-to-date technological approaches to modern cyber threats.