The rolling element bearing is easy to be malfunctioning due to the harsh operation. When a fault exists in the bearing, it can generate the periodical or quasi-periodical impulses, which are important features for the bearing fault detection. These impulses may be submerged in the background noise and interferences of other unrelated components. The spectral kurtosis, and its fast realization, fast kurtogram, have been widely used for the bearing fault diagnosis by extracting the impulsive feature. However, the performance is weakened due to its fixed decomposition scheme and prior information of the bearing faults. A new and adaptive spectral kurtosis method is proposed in this paper. This method is free from parameter selection. Different from the fast kurtogram, the decomposition scheme of the proposed method is flexible and adaptive. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the simulation and the experiment. Both results show that the proposed method can effectively extract the bearing fault features.