This article proposes a frequency-division multiplexing(FDM) laser dispersion spectroscopy (LDS) method to implement high-precision water vapor temperature measurement in a dynamic combustion environment. Two laser beams at 7185.6 and 7444.4 cm1 pass through the flame simultaneously along a common path through the intensity-modulated FDM approach. A pair of lock-in amplifiers (LIAs) are used to demodulate the dispersion phase signals of the two laser beams. Then, the two-line thermometry is used to obtain the water vapor temperature in the flame. Static and dynamic experiments were carried out on a McKenna burner and a kerosene-fueled multiswirl staged combustor, respectively. The in situ and time-resolved measurement results show that the method is more immune to laser power fluctuation than direct laser absorption spectroscopy (LAS) and the measurement results obtained by using the proposed method are more precise than those by using the time division multiplexing (TDM) method. Therefore, the proposed method is more suitable for dynamic combustion monitoring.