In the actual operation process, the main shaft device is always subjected to the variable dynamic loads, during which, the dynamic characteristics of the components of the main shaft device follow suit. This paper focuses on the research of the main shaft device of 2JTP-1.2×0.8 single rope winding hoist and offers transient dynamic analysis when the hoist is under normal operation condition or container jamming accident. Under the normal operation condition, the maximum equivalent stress of roller can be up to 170MPa. The position of the maximum stress is close to the midst of fixed roller shell. The maximum equivalent stress of the main shaft can reach 40MPa, which is at the joint between the main shaft and the two inner side support wheels. When container jamming accident occurs, the equivalent stresses of both roller and main shaft are increasing and after container jamming ends, the equivalent stress restores to its normal value. In this process, the maximum equivalent stress of roller is increased to 129MPa and that of main shaft reaches 174MPa at the moment of wire rope broken.