Change detection of medical images using dictionary learning techniques and PCA

Varvara Nika; Paul Babyn; Hongmei Zhu

doi:10.1117/12.2038751

24 March 2014 Change detection of medical images using dictionary learning techniques and PCA

Varvara Nika, Paul Babyn, Hongmei Zhu

Proceedings Volume 9035, Medical Imaging 2014: Computer-Aided Diagnosis; 903506 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2038751
Event: SPIE Medical Imaging, 2014, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

Automatic change detection methods for identifying the changes of serial MR images taken at different times are of great interest to radiologists. The majority of existing change detection methods in medical imaging, and those of brain images in particular, include many preprocessing steps and rely mostly on statistical analysis of MRI scans. Although most methods utilize registration software, tissue classification remains a difficult and overwhelming task. Recently, dictionary learning techniques are used in many areas of image processing, such as image surveillance, face recognition, remote sensing, and medical imaging. In this paper we present the Eigen-Block Change Detection algorithm (EigenBlockCD). It performs local registration and identifies the changes between consecutive MR images of the brain. Blocks of pixels from baseline scan are used to train local dictionaries that are then used to detect changes in the follow-up scan. We use PCA to reduce the dimensionality of the local dictionaries and the redundancy of data. Choosing the appropriate distance measure significantly affects the performance of our algorithm. We examine the differences between L₁ and L₂ norms as two possible similarity measures in the EigenBlockCD. We show the advantages of L₂ norm over L₁ norm theoretically and numerically. We also demonstrate the performance of the EigenBlockCD algorithm for detecting changes of MR images and compare our results with those provided in recent literature. Experimental results with both simulated and real MRI scans show that the EigenBlockCD outperforms the previous methods. It detects clinical changes while ignoring the changes due to patient's position and other acquisition artifacts.

Citation Download Citation

Varvara Nika, Paul Babyn, and Hongmei Zhu "Change detection of medical images using dictionary learning techniques and PCA", Proc. SPIE 9035, Medical Imaging 2014: Computer-Aided Diagnosis, 903506 (24 March 2014); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2038751

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