A high-capacity invertible data-hiding algorithm using a generalized reversible integer transform

John Stach; Adnan M. Alattar

doi:10.1117/12.527173

22 June 2004 A high-capacity invertible data-hiding algorithm using a generalized reversible integer transform

John Stach, Adnan M. Alattar

Proceedings Volume 5306, Security, Steganography, and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents VI; (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.527173
Event: Electronic Imaging 2004, 2004, San Jose, California, United States

Abstract

A high-capacity, data-hiding algorithm that lets the user restore the original host image after retrieving the hidden data is presented in this paper. The proposed algorithm can be used for watermarking valuable or sensitive images such as original art works or military and medical images. The proposed algorithm is based on a generalized, reversible, integer transform, which calculates the average and pair-wise differences between the elements of a vector extracted from the pixels of the image. The watermark is embedded into a set of carefully selected coefficients by replacing the least significant bit (LSB) of every selected coefficient by a watermark bit. Most of these coefficients are shifted left by one bit before replacing their LSBs. Several conditions are derived and used in selecting the appropriate coefficients to ensure that they remain identifiable after embedding. In addition, the selection of coefficients ensures that the embedding process does not cause any overflow or underflow when the inverse of the transform is computed. To ensure reversibility, the locations of the shifted coefficients and the original LSBs are embedded in the selected coefficients before embedding the desired payload. Simulation results of the algorithm and its performance are also presented and discussed in the paper.

Citation Download Citation

John Stach and Adnan M. Alattar "A high-capacity invertible data-hiding algorithm using a generalized reversible integer transform", Proc. SPIE 5306, Security, Steganography, and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents VI, (22 June 2004); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.527173

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