Skip to main content
Log in

Comparison of Banking and Peer-to-Peer Lending Risks

  • CONTROL IN SOCIAL ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
  • Published:
Automation and Remote Control Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We consider the problem of minimizing the risk taken on by investors in a two-tier (banking) system of lending and a system of peer-to-peer lending, assuming the incoming risks to be constant. It is shown that with the introduction of a special (nonsystematic) risk, the peer-to-peer lending model turns out to be optimal.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. World Bank, International Finance Corporation, Doing Business 2014: Understanding Regulations for Small and Medium-Size Enterprises, The World Bank, 2013.

  2. Russian Federation, Federal’nyi zakon ot 23.12.2003 g. 177-FZ “O strakhovanii vkladov fizicheskikh lits v bankakh Rossiiskoi Federatsii” (Federal Law no. 177-FZ of December 23, 2003 “On Insurance of Deposits of Individuals in Banks of the Russian Federation”), 2003.

  3. Russian Federation, Federal’nyi zakon ot 10 iyulya 2002 g. №86-FZ “O Tsentral’nom banke Rossiiskoi Federatsii (Banke Rossii)” (Federal Law no. 86-FZ of July 10, 2002 “On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia)”), 2002.

  4. Central Bank of the Russian Federation, Instruktsiya ot 29 noyabrya 2019 g. №199-I “Ob obyazatel’nykh normativakh i nadbavkakh k normativam dostatochnosti kapitala bankov s universal’noi litsenziei” (Instruction no. 199-I of November 29, 2019 “On mandatory ratios and premiums to capital adequacy ratios for banks with a universal license”), 2019.

  5. Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, Regulatory Consistency Assessment Programme (RCAP): Assessment of Basel III Risk-Based Capital Regulations, USA: Bank Int. Settlements, 2014.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, Regulatory Consistency Assessment Programme (RCAP): Assessment of Basel III Risk-Based Capital Regulations, Russia: Bank Int. Settlements, 2016.

    Google Scholar 

  7. ASV podstrakhovalo TsB (DIA Backed Up the Central Bank), 2017. https://www.rbc.ru/newspaper/2017/10/13/59df617a9a7947c6698e1c0e .

  8. Bachmann, A., Becker, A., Buerckner, D., Hilker, M., Kock, F., Lehmann, M., Tiburtius, P., and Funk, B., Online peer-to-peer lending—A literature review, J. Internet Banking Commer., 2011, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 1–18.

    Google Scholar 

  9. LendingClub Corporation, LendingClub Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2019 Results, LendingClub, 2020, pp. 1–15.

  10. Davydov, V., Gazaryan, A., Madhwal, Y., and Yanovich, Y., Token standard for heterogeneous assets digitization into commodity, Proc. 2019 2nd Int. Conf. Blockchain Technol. Appl. ACM (2019), pp. 43–47.

  11. Davydov, V. and Yanovich, Y., Optimal portfolio sold-out via blockchain tokenization, Proc. 2020 2nd Int. Electron. Commun. Conf. ACM (2020), pp. 129–136.

  12. Davydov, V. and Yanovich, Y., Financial instruments generation via tokenization into commodity, 2nd Conf. Blockchain Res. & Appl. Innovative Networks Services (BRAINS), IEEE, 2020, pp. 25–29.

  13. Markowitz, H., Portfolio selection, J. Finance, 1952, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 77–91.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Lyuu, Y.-D., Financial Engineering and Computation, Cambridge Books, 2002.

  15. Kolm, P.N., Tutuncu, R., and Fabozzi, F.J., 60 years of portfolio optimization: practical challenges and current trends, Eur. J. Oper. Res., 2014, vol. 234, no. 2, pp. 356–371.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  16. Fabozzi, F.J., Kolm, P.N., Pachamanova, D., and Focardi, S.M., Robust Portfolio Optimization and Management, Chichester: John Wiley, 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Ben-Tal, A., Ghaoui, L.E., and Nemirovski, A., Robust optimization. Princeton Ser. Appl. Math., 2009.

  18. Boyd, S. and Vandenberghe, L., Convex Optimization, Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 2004.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  19. Skaf, J. and Boyd, S., Multi-Period Portfolio Optimization with Constraints and Transaction Costs, Stanford Working Pap., 2009, pp. 1–23.

  20. Gambacorta, L. and Marques-Ibanez, D., The bank lending channel: lessons from the crisis, Econ. Policy, 2011, vol. 26, no. 66, pp. 135–182.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Shim, J., Loan portfolio diversification, market structure and bank stability, J. Banking Finance, 2019, vol. 104, pp. 103–115.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Stiroh, K.J., A portfolio view of banking with interest and noninterest activities, J. Money Credit Banking, 2006, vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 1351–1361.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Musto, D.K. and Souleles, N.S., A portfolio view of consumer credit, J. Monet. Econ., 2006, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 59–84.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Bottero, M., Lenzu, S., and Mezzanotti, F., Sovereign debt exposure and the bank lending channel: impact on credit supply and the real economy, J. Int. Econ., 2020, p. 103328.

  25. Bessis, J., Risk Management in Banking, Chichester: Wiley Finance, 2015.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Zorich, V.A., Matematicheskii analiz. Chast’ 1 (Mathematical Analysis. Part 1), Moscow: Mosk. Tsentr Nepreryvnogo Mat. Obrazov., 2018.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

The study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research within the framework of scientific projects nos. 19-37-51036 and 20-07-00652 as well as of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science within the framework of scientific project no. 20-51-50007.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to V. A. Davydov, S. A. Kruglik or Yu. A. Yanovich.

Additional information

Translated by V. Potapchouck

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Davydov, V.A., Kruglik, S.A. & Yanovich, Y.A. Comparison of Banking and Peer-to-Peer Lending Risks. Autom Remote Control 82, 2155–2168 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0005117921120079

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0005117921120079

Keywords

Navigation