Iqbal Mohomed
ABSTRACT
Automatic adaptation of content for mobile devices is a challenging problem because optimal adaptation often depends on the usage semantics of content, as well as the context of users (e.g., screen size of device being used, network connectivity, location, etc.). Usage-awaRe Interactive Content Adaptation (URICA) is an automatic technique that adapts content for mobile devices based on usage semantics. URICA allows a user who is unsatisfied with the system's current adaptation prediction to take control of the adaptation process and make changes until the content is suitably adapted for her purposes. The adaptation system learns from the user's modifications and adjusts its prediction for future accesses by other users. This paper shows that it is possible to exploit user interaction to learn how to adapt content based on context. We introduce Feedback-driven Context Selection (FCS), an automatic technique that leverages user interaction to identify the context that has the most impact on adaptation requirements. We added context-awareness to URICA so that it makes adaptation predictions for a user based only on the history of the community of users that share the context identified by FCS. The result is an automatic adaptation system that provides fine grain adaptations that reflect both the user's context and the content's usage semantics. This level of fine grain adaptation was previously available only in content that was customized manually. Experiments with two context-aware URICA prototypes show that FCS correctly identifies the contextual characteristics that impact adaptation requirements, and that grouping users into communities based on context improves the performance of the adaptation system by up to 79%.
- R. Bagrodia, W. W. Chu, L. Kleinrock, and G. Popek. Vision, issues, and architecture for nomadic computing. IEEE Personal Communications, 2(6):14--27, Dec. 1995.Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- T. W. Bickmore and B. N. Schilit. Digestor: Device-independent access to the World Wide Web. Computer Networks and ISDN Systems, 29(8--13):1075--1082, 1997. Google ScholarDigital Library
- K. Britton, R.Case, A. Citron, R. Floyd, Y. Li, C. Seekamp, B. Topol, and K. Tracey. Transcoding: Extending e-business to new environments. IBM Systems Journal, 40(1):153--178, 2001. Google ScholarDigital Library
- G. Buchanan, S. Farrant, M. Jones, H. W. Thimbleby, G. Marsden, and M. J. Pazzani. Improving mobile internet usability. In World Wide Web, pages 673--680, 2001. Google ScholarDigital Library
- O. Buyukkokten, H. Garcia-Molina, and A. Paepcke. Accordion summarization for end-game browsing on pdas and cellular phones. In CHI '01: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, pages 213--220, New York, NY, USA, 2001. ACM Press. Google ScholarDigital Library
- O. Buyukkokten, H. Garcia-Molina, and A. Paepcke. Seeing the whole in parts: text summarization for web browsing on handheld devices. In WWW '01: Proceedings of the 10th international conference on World Wide Web, pages 652--662, New York, NY, USA, 2001. ACM Press. Google ScholarDigital Library
- O. Buyukkokten, H. G. Molina, A. Paepcke, and T. Winograd. Power browser: Efficient web browsing for PDAs. In Proceedings of the Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI'00, 2000. Google ScholarDigital Library
- S. Chandra, A. Gehani, C. S. Ellis, and A. Vahdat. Transcoding characteristics of web images. In Proceedings of the 2001 Multimedia Computing and Networking Conference (MMCN'01), San Jose, California, Jan. 2001.Google Scholar
- Y. Chen, W.-Y. Ma, and H.-J. Zhang. Detecting web page structure for adaptive viewing on small form factor devices. In WWW '03: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on World Wide Web, pages 225--233, New York, NY, USA, 2003. ACM Press. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Y. Chen, W.-Y. Ma, and H.-J. Zhang. Detecting web page structure for adaptive viewing on small form factor devices. In WWW '03: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on World Wide Web, pages 225--233, New York, NY, USA, 2003. ACM Press. Google ScholarDigital Library
- N. H. Cohen, J. Black, P. Castro, M. Ebling, B. Leiba, A. Misra, and W. Segmuller. Building context-aware applications with context weaver. Technical report, IBM Research, Oct. 2004.Google Scholar
- E. de Lara, D. S. Wallach, and W. Zwaenepoel. Puppeteer: Component-based adaptation for mobile computing. In Proceedings of the 3rd USENIX Symposium on Internet Technologies and Systems, San Francisco, California, Mar. 2001. Google ScholarDigital Library
- D. Duchamp. Issues in wireless mobile computing. In Proceedings of Third Workshop on Workstation Operating Systems, pages 1--7, Key Biscayne, Florida, Apr. 1992.Google ScholarCross Ref
- G. H. Forman and J. Zahorjan. The challenges of mobile computing. IEEE Computer, pages 38--47, Apr. 1994. Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. Fox, S. D. Gribble, E. A. Brewer, and E. Amir. Adapting to network and client variability via on-demand dynamic distillation. SIGPLAN Notices, 31(9):160--170, Sept. 1996. Google ScholarDigital Library
- A. Fox, S. D. Gribble, Y. Chawathe, and E. A. Brewer. Adapting to network and client variation using infrastructural proxies: Lessons and perspectives. IEEE Personal Communications, 5(4):10--19, Aug. 1998.Google ScholarCross Ref
- R. Han, P. Bhagwat, R. LaMaire, T. Mummert, V. Perret, and J. Rubas. Dynamic adaptation in an image transcoding proxy for mobile web browsing. IEEE Personal Communications, 5(6):8--17, 1998.Google ScholarCross Ref
- T. Hastie, R. Tibshirani, and J. Friedman. The Elements of Statistical Learning: Data Mining, Inference, and Prediction. Springer-Verlag, 2001.Google Scholar
- R. H. Katz. Adaptation and mobility in wireless information systems. IEEE Personal Communications, 1(1):6--17, 1994.Google ScholarCross Ref
- T. Kindberg and A. Fox. System software for ubiquitous computing. IEEE Pervasive Computing, 1(1), Jan. 2002. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. J. Kistler and M. Satyanarayanan. Disconnected operation in the Coda file system. ACM Transactions on Computer Systems, 10(1):3--25, Feb. 1992. Google ScholarDigital Library
- T. Kunz, M. E. Shentenawy, A. Gaddah, and R. H. Hafez. Image transcoding for wireless WWW access: the user perspective. In the SPIE Multimedia Computing and Networking (MMCN2002), San Jose, CA, Jan. 2002.Google Scholar
- W. Y. Lum and F. C. Lau. A context-aware decision engine for content adaptation. IEEE Pervasive Computing, 1(3):41--49, July 2002. Google ScholarDigital Library
- D. MacKay. Information Theory, Inference, and Learning Algorithms. Cambridge University Press, 2003. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Microsoft. Asp.net mobile designer. http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/enus/mwdesign/html/mworiMobileInternetToolkitDesigner.asp.Google Scholar
- I. Mohomed, J. C. Cai, and E. de Lara. Urica: Usage-aware interactive content adaptation for mobile devices. In Proceedings of EuroSys'06, Leuven, Belgium, 2006. Google ScholarDigital Library
- I. Mohomed, A. Chin, J. C. Cai, and E. de Lara. Community-driven adaptation: Automatic content adaptation in pervasive environments. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications (WMCSA '04), pages 124--133, Lake District National Park, UK, Dec. 2004. IEEE Computer Society. Google ScholarDigital Library
- D. Narayanan, J. Flinn, and M. Satyanarayanan. Using history to improve mobile application adaptation. In Proceedings of the 3rd IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, Monterey, California, Dec. 2000. Google ScholarDigital Library
- B. D. Noble, M. Satyanarayanan, D. Narayanan, J. E. Tilton, J. Flinn, and K. R. Walker. Agile application-aware adaptation for mobility. Operating Systems Review (ACM), 51(5):276--287, Dec. 1997. Google ScholarDigital Library
- T. Phan, G. Zorpas, and R. Bagrodia. Middleware support for reconciling client updates and data transcoding. In International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services (MobiSys), Boston, MA, June 2004. Google ScholarDigital Library
- L. Ramaswamy, A. Iyengar, L. Liu, and F. Douglis. Automatic detection of fragments in dynamically generated web pages. In WWW '04: Proceedings of the 13th international conference on World Wide Web, pages 443--454, New York, NY, USA, 2004. ACM Press. Google ScholarDigital Library
- M. Satyanarayanan. Fundamental challenges in mobile computing. In Fifteenth ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, May 1996. Google ScholarDigital Library
- M. Satyanarayanan. Pervasive computing: Vision and challenges. IEEE Personal Communications, 2001.Google Scholar
- B. N. Schilit, J. Trevor, D. M. Hilbert, and T. K. Koh. Web interaction using very small internet devices. IEEE Computer, 35(10):37--45, 2002. Google ScholarDigital Library
- J. R. Smith, R. Mohan, and C.-S. Li. Content-based transcoding of images in the Internet. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, Chicago, Illinois, Oct. 1998.Google ScholarCross Ref
- J. R. Smith, R. Mohan, and C.-S. Li. Transcoding internet content for heterogeneous client devices. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Monterey, California, May 1998.Google ScholarCross Ref
- K. Sumita, K. Ono, and S. Miike. Document structure extraction for interactive document retrieval systems. In SIGDOC '93: Proceedings of the 11th annual international conference on Systems documentation, pages 301--310, New York, NY, USA, 1993. ACM Press. Google ScholarDigital Library
- WAP Forum. Wireless application protocol architecture specification, Apr. 1998. Available at: http://www.wapforum.org/what/technical/arch-30-apr-98.pdf.Google Scholar
- M. Weiser. Some computer science problems in ubiquitous computing. Communications of the ACM, July 1993. Google ScholarDigital Library
- I. Witten and E. Frank. Data Mining. Morgan Kaufmann, 2000. Google ScholarDigital Library
Index Terms
- Context-aware interactive content adaptation
Recommendations
A survey of multimedia content adaptation for mobile devices
With continued increase in the use of smartphones, user expectations of content access have also increased. Most of the content that exists today is not designed for mobile devices. Mobile devices cannot directly access most of the content due to the ...
Correlation-based content adaptation for mobile web browsing
Middleware '07: Proceedings of the ACM/IFIP/USENIX 2007 International Conference on MiddlewareThe resource impoverished environment on mobile devices results in a poor experience for users browsing the World Wide Web. Proxy-based middleware that transform content on the fly to better suit the resource conditions on a user's device provide a ...
Correlation-based content adaptation for mobile web browsing
MIDDLEWARE2007: Proceedings of the 8th ACM/IFIP/USENIX international conference on MiddlewareThe resource impoverished environment on mobile devices results in a poor experience for users browsing the World Wide Web. Proxy-based middleware that transform content on the fly to better suit the resource conditions on a user's device provide a ...
Comments