Britta Meixner
ABSTRACT
Web videos are becoming more and more popular. Current web technologies make it simpler than ever to both stream videos and create complex constructs of interlinked videos with additional information (video, audio, images, and text); so called hypervideos. When viewers interact with hypervideos by clicking on links, new content has to be loaded. This may lead to excessive waiting times, interrupting the presentation - especially when videos are loaded into the hypervideo player. In this work, we propose hypervideo pre-fetching strategies, which can be implemented in players to minimize waiting times. We examine the possibilities offered by the HTML5 <video> tag as well as the Media Source Extensions (MSE). Both HTML5 and MSE allow element pre-fetching (video and additional information) up to a certain granularity. Depending on the strategy and technology used, beginning scene waiting times and the overall download volume may increase. The strategies presented in this paper allow the number of delays during playback and the overall waiting time of a video to be reduced significantly from an average of 8.1 breaks to less than one break. The overall waiting times can be reduced by one third, to less than 18 seconds improving the hypervideo watching experience.
- Svg smil animation. Website (accessed October 17, 2015), 2015. http://caniuse.com/feat=svg-smil.Google Scholar
- Adobe Systems Incorporated. Actionscript 3.0 reference for the adobe flash platform. Website (accessed October 12, 2015), 2015. http://help.adobe.com/en_US/FlashPlatform/reference/actionscript/3/index.html.Google Scholar
- Adobe Systems Incorporated. Adobe flash professional cc. Website (accessed October 12, 2015), 2015. http://www.adobe.com/products/flash.html.Google Scholar
- Adobe Systems Software Ireland Ltd. Adobe flash platform runtimes. statistics : Pc penetration. Website (accessed October 12, 2015), 2011. http://www.adobe.com/de/products/flashplatformruntimes/statistics.html.Google Scholar
- Akamai Technologies. akamai's {state of the internet.} - q3 2015 report. Website (accessed January 13, 2016), 2015. https://www.akamai.com/us/en/multimedia/documents/report/q3--2015-\\soti-connectivity-final.pdf.Google Scholar
- M. Bernstein. Patterns of hypertext. In Proceedings of the Ninth ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia: Links, Objects, Time and Space - structure in Hypermedia Systems: Links, Objects, Time and Space - structure in Hypermedia Systems, HYPERTEXT '98, pages 21--29, New York, NY, USA, 1998. ACM. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Cisco. Cisco visual networking index: Global mobile data traffic forecast update 2014--2019 white paper. Visual networking index (vni), white paper, CISCO, February 2015.Google Scholar
- Cisco. Vni forecast highlights. Website (accessed October 13, 2015), 2015. http://www.cisco.com/web/solutions/sp/vni/vni_forecast_highlights/index.html.Google Scholar
- Codevise Solutions Limited. Pageflow. das tool für multimediales storytelling. Website (accessed October 12, 2015), 2015. http://pageflow.io/de.Google Scholar
- Z. Fei, M. Ammar, I. Kamel, and S. Mukherjee. Providing interactive functions through active client-buffer management in partitioned video multicast vod systems. In L. Rizzo and S. Fdida, editors, Networked Group Communication, volume 1736 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 152--169. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. Google ScholarDigital Library
- R. Grigoras, V. Charvillat, and M. Douze. Optimizing hypervideo navigation using a markov decision process approach. In Proceedings of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MULTIMEDIA '02, pages 39--48, New York, NY, USA, 2002. ACM. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Honkytonk Films. Klynt. Website (accessed October 12, 2015), 2015. http://www.klynt.net/.Google Scholar
- R. Laraspata, D. Striccoli, and P. Camarda. A scheduling algorithm for interactive video streaming in umts networks. In Computers and Communications (ISCC), 2010 IEEE Symposium on, pages 997--1002, June 2010. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Locktime Software. Welcome to netlimiter. netlimiter is an ultimate internet traffic control and monitoring tool designed for windows. Website (accessed August 30, 2015), 2015. http://www.netlimiter.com/.Google Scholar
- mc-quadrat. Linius. das storytelling-tool. Website (accessed October 12, 2015), 2015. http://linius-storytelling.de/.Google Scholar
- B. Meixner. Annotated Interactive Non-linear Video - Software Suite, Download and Cache Management. Phd thesis, Universitat Passau, 2014.Google Scholar
- B. Meixner. A pattern-based evaluation of download and cache management algorithms for annotated interactive non-linear videos. Multimedia Systems, pages 1--35, 2016.Google Scholar
- B. Meixner and H. Kosch. Interactive non-linear video: Definition and xml structure. In Proceedings of the 2012 ACM Symposium on Document Engineering, DocEng '12, pages 49--58, New York, NY, USA, 2012. ACM. Google ScholarDigital Library
- B. Meixner, B. Siegel, G. Hölbling, F. Lehner, and H. Kosch. Siva suite: Authoring system and player for interactive non-linear videos. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Multimedia, MM '10, pages 1563--1566, New York, NY, USA, 2010. ACM. Google ScholarDigital Library
- B. Meixner, B. Siegel, P. Schultes, F. Lehner, and H. Kosch. An html5 player for interactive non-linear video with time-based collaborative annotations. In Proceedings of International Conference on Advances in Mobile Computing & Multimedia, MoMM '13, pages 490:490--490:499, New York, NY, USA, 2013. ACM. Google ScholarDigital Library
- B. Meixner, K. Tonndorf, S. John, C. Handschigl, K. Hofmann, and M. Granitzer. A multimedia help system for a medical scenario in a rehabilitation clinic. In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Knowledge Technologies and Data-driven Business, i-KNOW '14, pages 25:1--25:8, New York, NY, USA, 2014. ACM. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Microsoft. Microsoft silverlight. Website (accessed October 12, 2015), 2015. http://www.microsoft.com/silverlight/.Google Scholar
- Microsoft Corporation. Microsoft silverlight release history. Website (accessed October 12, 2015), 2015. http://www.microsoft.com/getsilverlight/locale/en-us/html/Microsoft%20Silverlight%20Release%20History.htm.Google Scholar
- Mozilla Developer Network. <video>. Website (accessed October 12, 2015), 2015. https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/video.Google Scholar
- S. Podlipnig and L. Böszörmenyi. A survey of web cache replacement strategies. ACM Comput. Surv., 35(4):374--398, Dec. 2003. Google ScholarDigital Library
- M. Shreedhar and G. Varghese. Efficient fair queueing using deficit round robin. SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev., 25(4):231--242, Oct. 1995. Google ScholarDigital Library
- M. Silverman. The history of html5. Website (accessed October 12, 2015), 2012. http://mashable.com/2012/07/17/history-html5.Google Scholar
- Stack Exchange Inc. (User: AndreaC). Code::trends - a visualization of the stackoverflow dataset. Website (accessed October 12, 2015), 2012. http://stackapps.com/questions/3509/codetrends-a-visualization-of-the-overflow-dataset.Google Scholar
- K. Tonndorf, T. Knieper, B. Meixner, H. Kosch, and F. Lehner. Challenges in creating multimedia instructions for support systems and dynamic problem-solving. In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Technologies, i-KNOW '12, pages 33:1--33:4, New York, NY, USA, 2012. ACM. Google ScholarDigital Library
- E. Trautman. Rip flash: Why html5 will finally take over video and the web this year. Website (accessed October 12, 2015), 2014. http://thenextweb.com/dd/2014/04/19/rip-flash-html5-will-take-video-web-year/.Google Scholar
- W3C. Smil 2.0 testimonials. Website (accessed October 17, 2015). http://www.w3.org/2001/08/smil2-testimonial.Google Scholar
- W3C. Synchronized multimedia integration language. w3c working draft 09-november-97. Website (accessed October 17, 2015), 1997. http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-smil-971109.Google Scholar
- W3C. Smil animation. w3c recommendation 04-september-2001. Website (accessed October 17, 2015), 2001. http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/REC-smil-animation-20010904/.Google Scholar
- W3C. Html 5. a vocabulary and associated apis for html and xhtml. w3c working draft 22 january 2008. Website (accessed October 12, 2015), 2008. http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/WD-html5--20080122/.Google Scholar
- W3C. Synchronized multimedia integration language (smil 3.0). w3c recommendation 01 december 2008. Website (accessed October 17, 2015), 2008. http://www.w3.org/TR/SMIL3/.Google Scholar
- W3C. Html5. a vocabulary and associated apis for html and xhtml. w3c recommendation 28 october 2014. Website (accessed October 12, 2015), 2015. http://www.w3.org/TR/html5/.Google Scholar
- W3C. Media source extensions. w3c candidate recommendation 31 march 2015. Website (accessed October 15, 2015), March 2015. http://www.w3.org/TR/media-source/.Google Scholar
- W3C. Media source extensions. w3c editor's draft 13 october 2015. Website (accessed October 15, 2015), March 2015. http://w3c.github.io/media-source/.Google Scholar
- Wavelength Media. Flash player version history. Website (accessed October 12, 2015), 2015. http://www.mediacollege.com/adobe/flash/player/version/.Google Scholar
- WordPress.com. Wordpress.com. Website (accessed October 12, 2015). https://wordpress.com/.Google Scholar
- S. Yegulalp. Adobe flash: Insecure, outdated, and here to stay. Website (accessed October 12, 2015), 2014. http://www.infoworld.com/article/2610420/adobe-flash/adobe-flash-insecure-øutdated-and-here-to-stay.html.Google Scholar
- YouTube Engineering and Developers Blog. Youtube now defaults to html5 <video>. Website (accessed October 12, 2015), 2015. http://youtube-eng.blogspot.de/2015/01/youtube-now-defaults-to-html5_27.html.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Download and Cache Management for HTML5 Hypervideo Players
Recommendations
Authoring, viewing, and generating hypervideo: An overview of Hyper-Hitchcock
Hyper-Hitchcock consists of three components for creating and viewing a form of interactive video called detail-on-demand video: a hypervideo editor, a hypervideo player, and algorithms for automatically generating hypervideo summaries. Detail-on-demand ...
Hypervideo vs. storytelling integrating narrative intelligence into hypervideo
TIDSE'06: Proceedings of the Third international conference on Technologies for Interactive Digital Storytelling and EntertainmentHypervideo is one of several possible ways for interactive non-linear media. In its characteristics it is closely related to the purposes of digital narratives. The techniques of hypervideo could be used for the presentation of digitally told stories ...
Hypervideo expression: experiences with hyper-hitchcock
HYPERTEXT '05: Proceedings of the sixteenth ACM conference on Hypertext and hypermediaHyper-Hitchcock is a hypervideo editor enabling the direct manipulation authoring of a particular form of hypervideo called "detail-on-demand video." This form of hypervideo allows a single link out of the currently playing video to provide more details ...
Comments