Simon Bowen
Tom Bartindale
ABSTRACT
This paper discusses how characteristics of experience-centred and collaborative design can be translated to larger scales. We describe Metro Futures, a region-wide public consultation on the design of new light rail trains, where we followed an experience-centred co-design approach supported by digital media and tools to develop findings with a core group of 20 ?co-researchers' and ~4000 public participants. The paper discusses how the characteristics of a focus on experience, and collaborative design exploration were achieved with co-researchers and, at scale, through online and face-to-face interactions using various digital media and tools. Whilst not at the depth of smaller scales, there are opportunities to retain characteristics of experience-centred co-design at scale to produce findings that can usefully inform ensuing design work, and avoid the averaging of public contributions often evident in large scale public consultations.
Supplemental Material
- Paul Bate and Glenn Robert. 2007. Bringing User Experience to Healthcare Improvement: the concepts, methods and practices of experiencebased design. Radcliffe Publishing, Oxford, UK.Google Scholar
- Katja Battarbee and Ilpo Koskinen. 2005. Coexperience: user experience as interaction. CoDesign 1, 1 (March 2005), 5--18. https://doi.org/10.1080/15710880412331289917Google ScholarCross Ref
- Igor Calzada and Cristobal Cobo. 2015. Unplugging: Deconstructing the Smart City. J. Urban Technol. 22, 1 (January 2015), 23--43. https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2014.971535Google ScholarCross Ref
- Andrea Caragliu, Chiara Del Bo, and Peter Nijkamp. 2011. Smart Cities in Europe. J. Urban Technol. 18, 2 (April 2011), 65--82. https://doi.org/10.1080/10630732.2011.601117Google ScholarCross Ref
- Eric Corbett and Christopher A. Le Dantec. 2018. Going the Distance. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '18, ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 1--13. https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3173886Google ScholarDigital Library
- Design Council (Design Council). 2015. The Design Process: What is the Double Diamond? Retrieved from https://www.designcouncil.org.uk/newsopinion/design-process-what-double-diamondGoogle Scholar
- Clara Crivellaro, Rob Anderson, Daniel LambtonHoward, Tom Nappey, Patrick Olivier, Vasilis Vlachokyriakos, Alexander Wilson, and Pete Wright. 2019. Infrastructuring Public Service Transformation. ACM Trans. Comput. Interact. 26, 3 (May 2019), 1--29. https://doi.org/10.1145/3310284Google ScholarDigital Library
- Nigel Cross. 2007. Designerly Ways of Knowing. Birkhäuser, Basel; Boston; Berlin.Google Scholar
- Leon. Cruickshank. 2014. Open design and innovation?: facilitating creativity in everyone. Routledge, Abingdon, UK.Google Scholar
- Peter Dalsgaard. 2012. Participatory Design in Large-Scale Public Projects: Challenges and Opportunities. Des. Issues 28, 3 (2012), 34--47. https://doi.org/10.1162/DESI_a_00160Google ScholarCross Ref
- Matt Dexter. 2014. Open design and medical products. Sheffield Hallam University. Retrieved from http://shura.shu.ac.uk/12190/Google Scholar
- J P Djajadiningrat, W W Gaver, and J W Fres. 2000. Interaction relabelling and extreme characters: methods for exploring aesthetic interactions. In DIS '00: Proceedings of the conference on Designing interactive systems, ACM Press, 66--71.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sara Donetto, Paola Pierri, Vicki Tsianakas, and Glenn Robert. 2015. Experience-based Co-design and Healthcare Improvement: Realizing Participatory Design in the Public Sector. Des. J. 18, 2 (June 2015), 227--248. https://doi.org/10.2752/175630615X142124989643Google ScholarCross Ref
- Kees Dorst. 2011. The core of "design thinking' and its application. Des. Stud. 32, 6 (November 2011), 521--532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.destud.2011.07.006Google ScholarCross Ref
- Andy Dow, John Vines, Rob Comber, and Rob Wilson. 2016. ThoughtCloud. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '16, ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 3625--3636. https://doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858105Google ScholarDigital Library
- Jodi Forlizzi and Katja Battarbee. 2004. Understanding experience in interactive systems. In Proceedings of the 2004 conference on Designing interactive systems processes, practices, methods, and techniques - DIS '04, ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 261. https://doi.org/10.1145/1013115.1013152Google ScholarDigital Library
- Jodi Forlizzi and Shannon Ford. 2000. The building blocks of experience. In Proceedings of the conference on Designing interactive systems processes, practices, methods, and techniques - DIS '00, ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 419-- 423. https://doi.org/10.1145/347642.347800Google ScholarDigital Library
- The Point of Care Foundation. 2017. EBCD: Experience-based co-design toolkit. Retrieved from https://www.pointofcarefoundation.org.uk/resource/ experience-based-co-design-ebcd-toolkit/Google Scholar
- Lisa Koeman, Vaiva Kalnikaité, and Yvonne Rogers. 2015. ?Everyone Is Talking about It!": A Distributed Approach to Urban Voting Technology and Visualisations. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '15, ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 3127--3136. https://doi.org/10.1145/2702123.2702263Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sarah Kuhn and Michael J Muller. 1993. Participatory Design. Commun. ACM 36, 6 (1993), 24--28.Google ScholarDigital Library
- Daniel Lambton-Howard, Robert Anderson, Kyle Montague, Andrew Garbett, Shaun Hazeldine, Carlos Alvarez, John A. Sweeney, Patrick Olivier, and Ahmed Kharrufa. 2019. WhatFutures. In Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '19, ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 1--14. https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300389Google ScholarDigital Library
- John McCarthy and Peter Wright. 2004. Technology as experience. interactions 11, 5 (2004), 42--43.Google Scholar
- John McCarthy and Peter Wright. 2004. Technology as Experience. MIT, Cambridge, Mass.; London.Google Scholar
- John McCarthy and Peter Wright. 2015. Taking [A]part. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; London, England.Google Scholar
- Nexus. 2017. Metro trains for the future: what our passengers have said.Google Scholar
- Patrick Olivier and Peter Wright. 2015. Digital civics: Taking a Local Turn. interactions 22, 61--63. https://doi.org/10.1145/2776885Google ScholarDigital Library
- Patrick Olivier and Peter Wright. 2015. Digital civics. interactions 22, 4 (June 2015), 61--63. https://doi.org/10.1145/2776885Google ScholarDigital Library
- Open Lab. 2018. Metro Futures: The Video Documentary. Video. (13 June 2018). Retrieved December 19, 2019 from https://youtu.be/8EAjwSKgxpoGoogle Scholar
- Toni Robertson and Jesper Simonsen. 2013. Participatory Design: an introduction. In Routledge International Handbook of Participatory Design, Jesper Simonsen and Toni Robertson (eds.). Routledge, London, UK, 1--17.Google Scholar
- Elizabeth B -N Sanders and Pieter Jan Stappers. 2008. Co-creation and the new landscapes of design. CoDesign 4, 1 (2008), 5--18. Retrieved from http://www.informaworld.com/10.1080/157108807 01875068Google ScholarCross Ref
- Guy Schofield, Tom Bartindale, and Peter Wright. 2015. Bootlegger. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '15, ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 767--776. https://doi.org/10.1145/2702123.2702229Google ScholarDigital Library
- Donald A Schön. 1983. The Reflective Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action. Basic Books, U.S.A.Google Scholar
- Jesper. Simonsen and Toni. Robertson. 2012. Routledge international handbook of participatory design. Routledge, London, UK. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203108543Google ScholarCross Ref
- Fabius Steinberger, Marcus Foth, and Florian Alt. 2014. Vote With Your Feet. In Proceedings of The International Symposium on Pervasive Displays PerDis '14, ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 44--49. https://doi.org/10.1145/2611009.2611015Google ScholarDigital Library
- Nick Taylor, Justin Marshall, Alicia Blum-Ross, John Mills, Jon Rogers, Paul Egglestone, David M. Frohlich, Peter Wright, and Patrick Olivier. 2012. Viewpoint: Empowering Communities with Situated Voting Devices. In Proceedings of the 2012 ACM annual conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '12, ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 1361. https://doi.org/10.1145/2207676.2208594Google ScholarDigital Library
- Nick Taylor, Justin Marshall, Alicia Blum-Ross, John Mills, Jon Rogers, Paul Egglestone, David M. Frohlich, Peter Wright, and Patrick Olivier. 2012. Viewpoint. In Proceedings of the 2012 ACM annual conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI '12, ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 1361. https://doi.org/10.1145/2207676.2208594Google ScholarDigital Library
- Nina Valkanova, Robert Walter, Andrew Vande Moere, and Jörg Müller. 2014. MyPosition. In Proceedings of the 17th ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work & social computing - CSCW '14, ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 1323--1332. https://doi.org/10.1145/2531602.2531639Google ScholarDigital Library
- Vasilis Vlachokyriakos, Rob Comber, Karim Ladha, Nick Taylor, Paul Dunphy, Patrick McCorry, and Patrick Olivier. 2014. PosterVote: Expanding the Action Repertoire for Local Political Activism. In Proceedings of the 2014 conference on Designing interactive systems - DIS '14, ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 795--804. https://doi.org/10.1145/2598510.2598523Google ScholarDigital Library
- Vasillis Vlachokyriakos, Clara Crivellaro, Christopher A. Le Dantec, Eric Gordon, Pete Wright, and Patrick Olivier. 2016. Digital Civics: Citizen Empowerment With and Through Technology. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI EA '16, ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 1096--1099. https://doi.org/10.1145/2851581.2886436Google ScholarDigital Library
- Alexander Wilson and Mark Tewdwr-Jones. 2019. Let's draw and talk about urban change: Deploying digital technology to encourage citizen participation in urban planning. Environ. Plan. B Urban Anal. City Sci. (February 2019), 239980831983129. https://doi.org/10.1177/2399808319831290Google ScholarCross Ref
- Peter Wright and John McCarthy. 2010. Experience-Centered Design: Designers, Users, and Communities in Dialogue. Morgan and Claypool, San Rafael, USA. https://doi.org/10.2200/S00229ED1V01Y201003H CI009Google ScholarCross Ref
- John Zimmerman, Jodi Forlizzi, and Ilpo Koskinen. 2009. Building a unified framework for the practice of experience design. In Proceedings of the 27th international conference extended abstracts on Human factors in computing systems - CHI EA '09, ACM Press, New York, New York, USA, 4803. https://doi.org/10.1145/1520340.1520745Google ScholarDigital Library
Index Terms
- Metro Futures: Experience-Centred Co-Design at Scale
Recommendations
Designing Visual Tools to Facilitate Human-Centered Design
AVI '20: Proceedings of the International Conference on Advanced Visual InterfacesHuman-Centred Design (HCD) relies on the use of many methods (e.g. interviews, observations) originating from other disciplines such as social sciences (e.g. ethnography). Such methods often rely on the use of visual tools (e.g. photographs and ...
User-centered design, activity-centered design, and goal-directed design: a review of three methods for designing web applications
SIGDOC '09: Proceedings of the 27th ACM international conference on Design of communicationWhen conducting research with users in order to design web applications, the practitioner has a variety of methods from which to choose. This paper examines three such methods'User-Centered Design (UCD), Goal-Directed Design (GDD), and Activity-Centered ...
Emotion Work in Experience-Centered Design
CHI '19: Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsExperience Centered Design (ECD) implores us to develop empathic relationships and understanding of participants, to actively work with our senses and emotions within the design process. However, theories of experience-centered design do little to ...
Comments