Juan David Cano-Moreno
ABSTRACT
In daily life we perform many activities that are not always healthy for the human body. Thus, the vibrations that we receive in the different vehicles we use (automobile, motorcycle, bus, train, etc.) influence our comfort and, possibly, our health.
In Europe, electric bicycles and electric mini-scooters (e-scooters) are increasingly used for short trips of up to 3km according to some measures.
The e-scooters have small wheels, very rigid in some cases and with low damping for driver. Most scooters have only front suspension.
This combination of factors makes it necessary to study the real influence of these vibrations on the human body. For this, a methodology based on a multibody dynamic simulation model in combination with the postprocess described by the UNE-2631 standard is proposed. The UNE-2631 standard allows to assess the comfort of these vibrations as well as their possible effect on the health of the driver.
This methodology suggests how to study, under simulation framework, the vibration transmitted for different velocities and road profiles. Two vehicles, more and less rigid are proposed to cover a wide range of actual e-scooters layouts.
- I. Karen, N. Kaya, F. Öztürk, I. Korkmaz, M. Yildizhan, and A. Yurttaş, "A design tool to evaluate the vehicle ride comfort characteristics: modeling, physical testing, and analysis," Int J Adv Manuf Technol, vol. 60, no. 5, pp. 755--763, May 2012.Google Scholar
Cross Ref
- V. Kumar, "Investigation of the effect of car suspension parameters on ride comfort," Global Journal of Engineering Science and Researches, vol. Vol. V, 2018.Google Scholar
- P. Tandon, D. M. Shukla, S. K Prasad, S. K. Gurunathan, and V. Bansal, "Mathematical modeling and simulation of scooter suspension system," in Proceedings of the National Conference on Mathematical and Computational Models., 2001, p. 271.Google Scholar
- A. Kuznetsov, M. Mammadov, I. Sultan, and E. Hajilarov, "Optimization of a quarter-car suspension model coupled with the driver biomechanical effects," Journal of Sound and Vibration, vol. 330, no. 12, pp. 2937--2946, Jun. 2011.Google ScholarCross Ref
- V. Cossalter, A. Doria, S. Garbin, and R. Lot, "Frequency-domain method for evaluating the ride comfort of a motorcycle," Vehicle System Dynamics, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 339--355, Apr. 2006.Google ScholarCross Ref
- "Standar UNE-ISO 2631--1:2008. Mechanical vibration and shock. Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration. Part 1: General requirements." AENOR.Google Scholar
- M. Götsch and M. Sayir, "Simulation of the Riding Comfort of Railway Coaches," Vehicle System Dynamics, vol. 37, no. sup1, pp. 630--640, Jan. 2002.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Y.-S. Kim, T.-K. Lim, S.-H. Park, and R.-G. Jeong, "Dynamic model for ride comfort evaluations of the rubber-tired light rail vehicle," Vehicle System Dynamics, vol. 46, no. 11, pp. 1061--1082, Nov. 2008.Google ScholarCross Ref
- "UNE-EN 12299:2010. Railway applications - Ride comfort for passengers - Measurement and evaluation." AENOR.Google Scholar
- "Electric Scooter Reviews - Prices, Specs, Videos, Photos." [Online]. Available: https://electricridereview.com/category/scooter/. [Accessed: 13-Jun-2019].Google Scholar
- A. G. Valdivia, "The Phenomenon Of Electric Scooters That Has Broken Into European Cities By Surprise," Forbes. [Online]. Available: https://www.forbes.com/sites/anagarciavaldivia/2018/12/06/the-phenomenon-of-electric-scooters-that-has-broken-into-european-cities-by-surprise/. [Accessed: 13-Jun-2019].Google Scholar
- A. E. Baumal, J. J. McPhee, and P. H. Calamai, "Application of genetic algorithms to the design optimization of an active vehicle suspension system," Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, vol. 163, no. 1, pp. 87--94, Sep. 1998.Google ScholarCross Ref
- "ISO 8608:2016. Mechanical vibration -- Road surface profiles -- Reporting of measured data.".Google Scholar
- "Standar UNE-EN ISO 5349--2:2002. Mechanical vibration - Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to hand-transmitted vibration - Part 2: Practical guidance for measurement at the workplace." AENOR.Google Scholar
- M. Islan, F. Blaya, P. San Pedro, R. D'Amato, E. L. Urquijo, and J. A. Juanes, "Analysis and fem simulation methodology of dynamic behavior of human rotator cuff in repetitive routines: Musician case study," Journal of medical systems, vol. 42, no. 3, p. 55, 2018.Google ScholarDigital Library
- M. Islan, J. Carvajal, P. S. Pedro, R. D'Amato, J. A. Juanes, and E. Soriano, "Linear approximation of the behavior of the rotator cuff under fatigue conditions. Violinist case study," in Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Technological Ecosystems for Enhancing Multiculturality, 2017, p. 58.Google Scholar
Index Terms
- Methodology for the study of the influence of e-scooter vibrations on human health and comfort
Recommendations
Are E-Scooter Riders More Oblivious to Traffic Than Cyclists? A Real World Study Investigating the Execution of Shoulder Glances
HCI in Mobility, Transport, and Automotive SystemsAbstractE-scooters are a comparatively new means of transportation. At the same time, it is considered more dangerous than established means of transport such as bicycles. To find out more about the traffic behavior of e-scooter riders, we investigate the ...
The study of vehicles' displacement in hard conditions
ICAI'10: Proceedings of the 11th WSEAS international conference on Automation & informationIn this paper is presented a study for the analysis of vehicle's displacement with specific conditions in construction sites. On the basis of a mathematic model for the study of vibrations of the vehicle with the rigid rear axle there were determined ...
SAFERIDER project: new safety and comfort in powered two wheelers
HSI'09: Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Human System InteractionsIn the last ten years, European Commission has deeply investigated the concern of Powered Two Wheelers (PTW) accidents in the European roads, trying to focus on the improvement of road safety through the introduction of Intelligence Transportation ...
Comments