Julia Tannus de Souza
ABSTRACT
Stroke is one of the main causes of long-term disability worldwide. Conventional upper limb physiotherapy can be tedious, expensive and require physical transportation. Virtual Reality (VR) video games can help solve these problems. In fact, recent studies show that health professionals are increasingly interested in using VR games for post-stroke rehabilitation. However, commercial possibilities can be inaccessible, in terms of time, space and cost, and also inadequate to the needs of patients and therapists. Thus, in this work, a VR video game with an innovative alternative for tracking the 3D movement of the upper limb is proposed. As a result, a system that uses optical capture with a regular camera and colored sphere markers, while maintaining lightweight real-time processing on mobile devices was done. The fact that the controller can be handcrafted by the users makes the game very low-cost, possible to be distributed worldwide, reaching a large number of people, and possible to be played and monitored remotely. This new form of motion capture can make the VR exergame interaction more intuitive, therefore increasing the user's immersion in his therapy exercises. The proposed system was tested in order to find out how accurate it can be, compared to a gold standard system (a goniometer). It has been found that the system has limitations, such as low accuracy in obtuse angles and camera distortions. Still, it seems promising, due to its accessibility, very low cost, customization to the needs of patients and therapists and good tests results, as a complementary alternative for VR post-stroke rehabilitation.
- 1. Kevin Beck. 2020. How to Calculate Arc Lengths Without Angles. Sciencing. Retrieved from https://sciencing.com/calculate-arc-lengths-angles-8059022.htmlGoogle Scholar
- 2. Isabela M Bensenor, Alessandra C Goulart, CÃ\copyrightlia Landmann Szwarcwald, Maria Lucia FranÃ\Sa Pontes Vieira, Deborah Carvalho Malta, and Paulo A Lotufo. 2015. Prevalence of stroke and associated disability in Brazil: National Health Survey - 2013. Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 73: 746–750. Retrieved from http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2015000900746&nrm=isoGoogle ScholarCross Ref
- 3. Blender. 2021. Blender. Retrieved July 2, 2021 from https://www.blender.org/Google Scholar
- 4. Valery Feigin, Grant Nguyen, Kelly Cercy, Catherine Johnson, Tahiya Alam, Priyakumari Parmar, Amanuel Abajobir, Kalkidan Abate, Foad Abd-Allah, Ayenew Abejie, Gebre Abyu, Zanfina Ademi, Gina Agarwal, Muktar Beshir, Rufus Akinyemi, Rajaa Al-Raddadi, Leopold Aminde, Catherine Amlie-Lefond, Hossein Ansari, and Gregory Roth. 2018. Global, Regional, and Country-Specific Lifetime Risks of Stroke, 1990 and 2016. New England Journal of Medicine 379: 2429–2437. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1804492Google ScholarCross Ref
- 5. FreeMusicArchive. 2021. FreeMusicArchive.Google Scholar
- 6. GIMP. 2021. GIMP. Retrieved July 2, 2021 from https://www.gimp.org/Google Scholar
- 7. A Heller, D T Wade, V A Wood, A Sunderland, R L Hewer, and E Ward. 1987. Arm function after stroke: measurement and recovery over the first three months. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 50, 6: 714–719. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.50.6.714Google ScholarCross Ref
- 8. IBGE. 2018. PNAD Contínua 2018 - Acesso à Internet e à televisão e posse de telefone móvel celular para uso pessoal. Retrieved from https://biblioteca.ibge.gov.br/visualizacao/livros/liv101705_informativo.pdfGoogle Scholar
- 9. H Nakayama, H S Jørgensen, H O Raaschou, and T S Olsen. 1994. Recovery of upper extremity function in stroke patients: the Copenhagen Stroke Study. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation 75, 4: 394–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9993(94)90161-9Google ScholarCross Ref
- 10. Aung Pyae, Mika Luimula, and Jouni Smed. 2015. Rehabilitative Games for Stroke Patients. EAI Endorsed Trans. Serious Games 1, 4: e2.Google ScholarCross Ref
- 11. Gustavo Saposnik. 2016. Virtual reality in stroke rehabilitation. In Ischemic stroke therapeutics. Springer, 225–233.Google Scholar
- 12. Gustavo Saposnik and Mindy Levin. 2011. Virtual reality in stroke rehabilitation: a meta-analysis and implications for clinicians. Stroke 42, 5: 1380–1386. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.605451Google ScholarCross Ref
- 13. A Sunderland, D Tinson, L Bradley, and R L Hewer. 1989. Arm function after stroke. An evaluation of grip strength as a measure of recovery and a prognostic indicator. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 52, 11: 1267–1272. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.52.11.1267Google ScholarCross Ref
- 14. K Thomson, A Pollock, M Brady, and C Bugge. 2016. The use of commercial gaming devices in upper limb rehabilitation: The experience of stroke survivors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE 11, 4: S55.Google Scholar
- 15. TreeIt. 2021. TreeIt. Retrieved July 2, 2021 from https://www.evolved-software.com/treeit/treeitGoogle Scholar
- 16. Unity. 2021. Unity. Retrieved July 2, 2021 from https://unity.com/Google Scholar
- 17. Unity. 2021. OpenCV Plus Unity. Retrieved July 2, 2021 from https://assetstore.unity.com/packages/tools/integration/opencv-plus-unity-85928Google Scholar
- 18. Vectr. 2021. Vectr.Google Scholar
- 19. Salim S Virani, Alvaro Alonso, Emelia J Benjamin, Marcio S Bittencourt, Clifton W Callaway, April P Carson, Alanna M Chamberlain, Alexander R Chang, Susan Cheng, Francesca N Delling, Luc Djousse, Mitchell S V Elkind, Jane F Ferguson, Myriam Fornage, Sadiya S Khan, Brett M Kissela, Kristen L Knutson, Tak W Kwan, Daniel T Lackland, Tene T Lewis, Judith H Lichtman, Chris T Longenecker, Matthew Shane Loop, Pamela L Lutsey, Seth S Martin, Kunihiro Matsushita, Andrew E Moran, Michael E Mussolino, Amanda Marma Perak, Wayne D Rosamond, Gregory A Roth, Uchechukwu K A Sampson, Gary M Satou, Emily B Schroeder, Svati H Shah, Christina M Shay, Nicole L Spartano, Andrew Stokes, David L Tirschwell, Lisa B VanWagner, and Connie W Tsao. 2020. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 141, 9: e139–e596. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000757Google ScholarCross Ref
- 20. D T Wade, R Langton-Hewer, V A Wood, C E Skilbeck, and H M Ismail. 1983. The hemiplegic arm after stroke: measurement and recovery. Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry 46, 6: 521–524. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.46.6.521Google ScholarCross Ref
Index Terms
- A Virtual Reality Exergame with a Low-cost 3D Motion Tracking for At-Home Post-Stroke Rehabilitation
Recommendations
At-Home Self-Administration of an Immersive Virtual Reality Therapeutic Game for Post-Stroke Upper Limb Rehabilitation
CHI PLAY '20: Extended Abstracts of the 2020 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in PlayAfter a stroke, it is common to experience weakness or paralysis on one side of the body, including difficulty incorporating an affected upper extremity in activities of daily living. Virtual reality and video games that encourage task-oriented movement ...
Move-IT: A Virtual Reality Game for Upper Limb Stroke Rehabilitation Patients
Computers Helping People with Special NeedsAbstractStroke rehabilitation plays an important role in recovering the lifestyle of stroke survivors. Although existing research proved the effectiveness and engagement of Non-immersive Virtual Reality (VR) based rehabilitation systems, however, limited ...
Augmented Reality Games for Upper-Limb Stroke Rehabilitation
VS-GAMES '10: Proceedings of the 2010 Second International Conference on Games and Virtual Worlds for Serious ApplicationsStroke is the number one cause of severe physical disability in the UK. Recent studies have shown that technologies such as virtual reality and imaging can provide an engaging and motivating tool for physical rehabilitation. In this paper we summarize ...
Comments