The Effect of Copper Aided Nickel–Titanium Arch-Wire Sequences on Upper Jaw Expansion: A Comparison with Conventional Nickel–Titanium Wire Systems in Medical Decision Support Systems in Medical Internet of Things

The purpose of this study was to evaluate maxillary arch dimensional changes during alignment with various sequences of copper nickel–titanium (CuNiTi) with passive self-ligating system braces (PSLS) and also to compare with regular nickel–titanium (NiTi) with conventional straight wire appliance braces (CSWA). Methods: Forty individuals were included in this study, who were divided randomly into two groups as PSLS and CSWA. The PSLS group had an arch-wire sequence comprising of 0.014, 0.016-in round CuNiTi, 0.014 × 0.025, 0.018 × 0.025-in CuNiTi. The arch wires sequence for the CSWA was 0.014, 0.016-in round NiTi, 0.016 × 0.016, 0.016 × 0.022-in NiTi. Dental impressions were collected from the subjects every 6 weeks. The transversal dimensions were recorded with digital calipers based on inter-canine width, inter-premolars widths and inter-molar width. Results: There were no significant differences between the groups in terms of inter-canine width. There were significant differences in the inter-premolars and inter-molar widths (p < 0 005). The expansion effect of 0.014 CuNiTi wire in PSLS group was significantly greater than the other arch wires (p < 0.005). Conclusions: Maxillary inter-canine, inter-premolars, and inter-molar widths increased with PSLS and the traditional system. The width of inter-premolars and inter-molars increased significantly with the use of the PSLS and the 0.014 CuNiTi arch wire is the most effective in terms of transversal dimensional changes.