Decomposing Loosely Coupled Mixed-Integer Programs for Optimal Microgrid Design

Zolan, Alexander J.; Scioletti, Michael S.; Morton, David P.; Newman, Alexandra M.

doi:10.1287/ijoc.2020.0955

Title: Decomposing Loosely Coupled Mixed-Integer Programs for Optimal Microgrid Design

Journal Article · Mon Feb 08 00:00:00 EST 2021 · INFORMS Journal on Computing

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2020.0955· OSTI ID:1768297

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National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)
United States Military Academy, West Point, NY (United States)
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL (United States)
Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO (United States)

Microgrids are frequently employed in remote regions, in part because access to a larger electric grid is impossible, difficult, or compromises reliability and independence. Although small microgrids often employ spot generation, in which a diesel generator is attached directly to a load, microgrids that combine these individual loads and augment generators with photovoltaic cells and batteries as a distributed energy system are emerging as a safer, less costly alternative. In this work, we present a model that seeks the minimum-cost microgrid design and ideal dispatched power to support a small remote site for one year with hourly fidelity under a detailed battery model; this mixed-integer nonlinear program (MINLP) is intractable with commercial solvers but loosely coupled with respect to time. A mixed-integer linear program (MIP) approximates the model, and a partitioning scheme linearizes the bilinear terms. We introduce a novel policy for loosely coupled MIPs in which the system reverts to equivalent conditions at regular time intervals; this separates the problem into subproblems that we solve in parallel. We obtain solutions within 5% of optimality in at most six minutes across 14 MIP instances from the literature and solutions within 5% of optimality to the MINLP instances within 20 minutes.

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Research Organization:: National Renewable Energy Lab. (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)

Sponsoring Organization:: USDOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), Renewable Power Office. Solar Energy Technologies Office; US Department of the Navy, Office of Naval Research (ONR)

Grant/Contract Number:: AC36-08GO28308; N000141310839

OSTI ID:: 1768297

Report Number(s):: NREL/JA-5700-79096; MainId:33322; UUID:b4e077b4-8412-4124-ba40-721df2d5d12b; MainAdminID:19725

Journal Information:: INFORMS Journal on Computing, Vol. 33, Issue 4; ISSN 1091-9856

Publisher:: INFORMSCopyright Statement

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

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Title: Decomposing Loosely Coupled Mixed-Integer Programs for Optimal Microgrid Design

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