IEICE Transactions on Electronics
Online ISSN : 1745-1353
Print ISSN : 0916-8524
Regular Section
Evaluation of Information Leakage from Cryptographic Hardware via Common-Mode Current
Yu-ichi HAYASHINaofumi HOMMATakaaki MIZUKITakeshi SUGAWARAYoshiki KAYANOTakafumi AOKIShigeki MINEGISHIAkashi SATOHHideaki SONEHiroshi INOUE
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2012 Volume E95.C Issue 6 Pages 1089-1097

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Abstract

This paper presents a possibility of Electromagnetic (EM) analysis against cryptographic modules outside their security boundaries. The mechanism behind the information leakage is explained from the view point of Electromagnetic Compatibility: electric fluctuation released from cryptographic modules can conduct to peripheral circuits based on ground bounce, resulting in radiation. We demonstrate the consequence of the mechanism through experiments where the ISO/IEC standard block cipher AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is implemented on an FPGA board and EM radiations from power and communication cables are measured. Correlation Electromagnetic Analysis (CEMA) is conducted in order to evaluate the information leakage. The experimental results show that secret keys are revealed even though there are various disturbing factors such as voltage regulators and AC/DC converters between the target module and the measurement points. We also discuss information-suppression techniques as electrical-level countermeasures against such CEMAs.

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© 2012 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers
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