Residual Stress and Deformation After Finishing of a Shell Structure Fabricated by Direct Metal Lamination Using Arc Discharge

Takeyuki Abe; Hiroyuki Sasahara

doi:10.20965/ijat.2012.p0611

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IJAT Vol.6 No.5 pp. 611-617

doi: 10.20965/ijat.2012.p0611

(2012)

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Residual Stress and Deformation After Finishing of a Shell Structure Fabricated by Direct Metal Lamination Using Arc Discharge

Takeyuki Abe and Hiroyuki Sasahara

Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan

Received:

April 22, 2012

Accepted:

August 9, 2012

Published:

September 5, 2012

Keywords:

rapid manufacturing, arc discharge, welding, residual stress, deformation

Abstract

Arc welding technology has been used to melt metal, and a fabrication system for three-dimensional metallic parts has been developed around it: direct metal lamination using arc discharge. Here, the relationship between residual stress in the shell structure and temperature distribution in the shell structure after lamination are explored. Deformation caused by residual stress release is also measured. The results clarify that the local maximum value of the residual stress is small when the temperature in the shell structure is high. It is also found that the temperature distribution can be controlled through heat-input conditions and a cooling method using water. The residual stress distribution is formed by a non-uniform compressive plastic strain distribution. Plastic deformation is caused by the temperature distribution. No significant deformation due to residual stress release is observed when the lateral surface is finished.

Cite this article as:

T. Abe and H. Sasahara, “Residual Stress and Deformation After Finishing of a Shell Structure Fabricated by Direct Metal Lamination Using Arc Discharge,” Int. J. Automation Technol., Vol.6 No.5, pp. 611-617, 2012.

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References

[1] T. Furumoto, T. Ueda, A. Hosokawa, and S. Abe, “Study on the Measurement of Physical Properties in the Metal Powder for Rapid Prototyping: Proposal of theMeasurement of Thermal Conductivity and Absorption of Laser Beam,” J. of the Japan Society of Precision Engineering, Vol.73, No.5, pp. 558-562, 2007. (in Japanese)
[2] C. P. Paul, A. Jain, P. Ganesh, J. Negi, and A. K. Nath, “Laser rapid manufacturing of clomonoy-6 components,” Optics and Lasers in Engineering, Vol.44, No.10, pp. 1096-1109, 2006.
[3] H. Sasahara, T. Matsumaru, T. Kamioka, K. Tanaka, and R. Yoshimaru, “Fabrication of an Inclined Wall by the Direct Metal Rapid Fabrication Using an Arc Welding: Factors Affecting on the Accumulated Shape and Its Effect,” Trans. of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, Series C, Vol.75, No.757, pp. 2435-2439, 2009. (in Japanese)
[4] T. Kamioka, S. Ishikawa, and H. Sasahara, “Fabrication of Elbow Pipe by Direct Metal Lamination Using Arc DischargeWhileMaintaining the Molten Pool in a Horizontal Position,” Int. J. of Automation Technology, Vol.4, No.5, pp. 422-431, 2010.
[5] T. Kamioka, T. Abe, S. Ishikawa, and H. Sasahara, “Influence of the Cooling Method of the Molten Pool on the Laminating Characteristics in Direct Metal Lamination by Using Arc Discharge,” Trans. of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, Series C, Vol.78, No.785, pp. 282-291, 2012. (in Japanese)
[6] D. Clark, M. R. Bache, and M. T. Whittaker, “Shaped metal deposition of a nickel alloy for aero engine applications,” J. of Materials Processing Technology, Vol.203, Nos.1-3, pp. 439-448, 2008.
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[8] M. Alimardani, E. Toyserkani, and J. P. Huissoon, “A 3D dynamic numerical approach for temperature and thermal stress distributions in multilayer laser solid freeform fabrication process,” Optics and Lasers in Engineering, Vol.45, pp. 1115-1130, 2007.
[9] M. Shiomi, K. Osakada, K. Nakamura, T. Yamashita, and F. Abe, “Residual Stress within Metallic Model Made by Selective Laser Melting Process,” CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology, Vol.53, No.1, pp. 195-198, 2004.
[10] A. H. Nickel, D. M. Barnett, and F. B. Prinz, “Thermal stresses and deposition patterns in layered manufacturing,” Materials science and Engineering: A, Vol.317, Nos.1-2, pp. 59-64, 2001.
[11] N.W. Klingbeil, J. L. Beuth, R. K. Chin, and C. H. Amon, “Residual stress-induced warping in direct metal solid freeform fabrication,” Int. J. of Mechanical science, Vol.44, No.1, pp. 57-77, 2002.
[12] K. Satoh and T. Terasaki, “Effect of Welding Conditions on Residual Stresses Ditstributions and Welding Deformation in Welded Structures Materials,” Welding J., Vol.45, No.1, pp. 42-50, 1976. (in Japanese)
[13] T. Abe and H. Sasahara, “Residual stress and deformation of shell structure fabricated by direct metal lamination using arc discharge,” The 6th Int. Conf. on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st Century, #3274, 2011. (CD-ROM)
[14] M. Watanabe, “Thermal Stress and its Residual Stress of Rectangular Plate under One-dimensionally distributed Temperature,” Zousen kyokai ronbunshu, Vol.86, No.3, pp. 173-184, 1954. (in Japanese)

This article is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationa License.

[1] [1] T. Furumoto, T. Ueda, A. Hosokawa, and S. Abe, “Study on the Measurement of Physical Properties in the Metal Powder for Rapid Prototyping: Proposal of theMeasurement of Thermal Conductivity and Absorption of Laser Beam,” J. of the Japan Society of Precision Engineering, Vol.73, No.5, pp. 558-562, 2007. (in Japanese)

[2] [2] C. P. Paul, A. Jain, P. Ganesh, J. Negi, and A. K. Nath, “Laser rapid manufacturing of clomonoy-6 components,” Optics and Lasers in Engineering, Vol.44, No.10, pp. 1096-1109, 2006.

[3] [3] H. Sasahara, T. Matsumaru, T. Kamioka, K. Tanaka, and R. Yoshimaru, “Fabrication of an Inclined Wall by the Direct Metal Rapid Fabrication Using an Arc Welding: Factors Affecting on the Accumulated Shape and Its Effect,” Trans. of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, Series C, Vol.75, No.757, pp. 2435-2439, 2009. (in Japanese)

[4] [4] T. Kamioka, S. Ishikawa, and H. Sasahara, “Fabrication of Elbow Pipe by Direct Metal Lamination Using Arc DischargeWhileMaintaining the Molten Pool in a Horizontal Position,” Int. J. of Automation Technology, Vol.4, No.5, pp. 422-431, 2010.

[5] [5] T. Kamioka, T. Abe, S. Ishikawa, and H. Sasahara, “Influence of the Cooling Method of the Molten Pool on the Laminating Characteristics in Direct Metal Lamination by Using Arc Discharge,” Trans. of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, Series C, Vol.78, No.785, pp. 282-291, 2012. (in Japanese)

[6] [6] D. Clark, M. R. Bache, and M. T. Whittaker, “Shaped metal deposition of a nickel alloy for aero engine applications,” J. of Materials Processing Technology, Vol.203, Nos.1-3, pp. 439-448, 2008.

[7] [7] K. P. Karunakaran, S. Suryakumar, V. Pushpa, and S. Akula, “Low cost integration of additive and subtractive processes for hybrid layered manufacturing,” Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, Vol.26, pp. 490-499, 2010.

[8] [8] M. Alimardani, E. Toyserkani, and J. P. Huissoon, “A 3D dynamic numerical approach for temperature and thermal stress distributions in multilayer laser solid freeform fabrication process,” Optics and Lasers in Engineering, Vol.45, pp. 1115-1130, 2007.

[9] [9] M. Shiomi, K. Osakada, K. Nakamura, T. Yamashita, and F. Abe, “Residual Stress within Metallic Model Made by Selective Laser Melting Process,” CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology, Vol.53, No.1, pp. 195-198, 2004.

[10] [10] A. H. Nickel, D. M. Barnett, and F. B. Prinz, “Thermal stresses and deposition patterns in layered manufacturing,” Materials science and Engineering: A, Vol.317, Nos.1-2, pp. 59-64, 2001.

[11] [11] N.W. Klingbeil, J. L. Beuth, R. K. Chin, and C. H. Amon, “Residual stress-induced warping in direct metal solid freeform fabrication,” Int. J. of Mechanical science, Vol.44, No.1, pp. 57-77, 2002.

[12] [12] K. Satoh and T. Terasaki, “Effect of Welding Conditions on Residual Stresses Ditstributions and Welding Deformation in Welded Structures Materials,” Welding J., Vol.45, No.1, pp. 42-50, 1976. (in Japanese)

[13] [13] T. Abe and H. Sasahara, “Residual stress and deformation of shell structure fabricated by direct metal lamination using arc discharge,” The 6th Int. Conf. on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st Century, #3274, 2011. (CD-ROM)

[14] [14] M. Watanabe, “Thermal Stress and its Residual Stress of Rectangular Plate under One-dimensionally distributed Temperature,” Zousen kyokai ronbunshu, Vol.86, No.3, pp. 173-184, 1954. (in Japanese)