As abrasive technologies are currently indispensable for production processes in the automotive, aerospace, optics, telecommunications, and healthcare industries, among others, it is essential that the application of abrasive processing to production be optimized and improved. To those ends, it is necessary to understand how to approach the task, as there are many processing factors to consider. However, priority is given to understanding the abrasive processing mechanism that determine finishing results, as well as the relationship between the processing factors and individual conditions. Measurement, analysis, and evaluation technologies are also important. Furthermore, the development of new abrasive tools or machining fluids and the active use of physicochemical phenomena are key to the development of advanced abrasive technologies.

Cutting-edge studies focusing on advanced abrasive technologies were collected for this special issue, which includes 12 papers covering the following topics:

- Quantitative evaluation of surface profile of grinding wheel

- Elucidation of grinding mechanism, based on grinding force

- Novel grinding wheel

- High-efficiency and high-accuracy grinding of difficult-to-cut materials

- Polishing technology using magnetic fluid slurry

- Application of ultrasonic waves or ultra-fine bubbles to coolants, and their effects on them

- Planarization technology for single-crystal silicon carbide

This issue is expected to help its readers to understand recent developments in abrasive technologies and to lead to further research.

We deeply appreciate the contributions of all authors and thank the reviewers for their incisive efforts.