Skip to main content

Community-based Learning: Design Patterns and Frameworks

  • Conference paper
ECSCW 2005
  • 1311 Accesses

Abstract

Information technology adoption and literacy are typically not first-order goals for community-based volunteer organizations. Nonetheless, information technology is vital to such groups for member recruiting and management, communication and visibility to the community, as well as primary group activities. However, volunteer organizations are often not able to make effective use of Internet-based technologies and content. They lack resources of all sorts (money, skills, telecommunications infrastructure) as well as organizational structures, protocols, and continuity to effectively cope with the rate of change in Internet technology. We describe a design pattern, a standard solution schema for a recurring problem, that proposes a self-sustained process in which volunteer organizations identify and analyze their technology needs, and then learn about information technology through active engagement in solving their own problems. The pattern, called Community-based Learning, is grounded in our fieldwork experience in several community computing projects. We discuss patterns and pattern frameworks as a research approach to community computing.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alexander, C., Ishikawa, S., Silverstein, M., Jacobson, M., Fiksdahl-King, I., and Angel, S. (1977): A Pattern Language: Towns, Buildings, Construction, Oxford University Press, NY, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beamish, A. (1995): Communities On-Line: Community-Based Computer Networks, Masters Thesis, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, MIT.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bellah, R., Madsen, R., Sullivan, W., Swindler, A. and Tipton, S. (1986): Habits of the heart: Individualism and commitment in American life, University of California Press, CA, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carroll, J. M. (1998): Minimalism beyond the Nurnberg Funnel, The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carroll, J. M. (2001): ‘Community computing as human-computer interaction’, Behaviour and Information Technology, vol. 20, no. 5, pp. 307–314.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carroll, J. M., Chin, G., Rosson, M. B. and Neale, D. C. (2000): ‘The development of cooperation: Five years of participatory design in the virtual school’, Proceedings of ACM Symposium on Designing Interactive Systems: DIS’2000 (Brooklyn, New York, August 17–19 2000), ACM, New York, pp. 239–251.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carroll, J. M. and Rosson, M. B. (2003): ‘Design rationale as theory’, in J.M. Carroll (ed.): HCI models, theories and frameworks: Toward a multidisciplinary science, Morgan-Kaufmann, San Francisco, CA, USA, 2003, pp. 431–461.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carroll, J. M., Rosson, M. B. Dunlap, D. R. and Isenhour, P. L. (2003): ‘Frameworks for Sharing Knowledge: Toward a Professional Language for Teaching Practices’, Proceedings of the 36th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences: HICSS-36 (Kona, Hawaii, January 6–9 2003), IEEE Computer Society, Washington DC, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Coleman, J. S. (1990): The foundations of social theory, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Computer Research Association. (2003): ‘Taulbee Survey’, accessed at http://www.cra.org/ on March 1, 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deci, E. L., and Ryan, R. M. (1985): Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in human behavior. Plenum, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dewey, J. (1916): Democracy in Education, Macmillan, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunlap, D. R., Neale, D. C. and Carroll, J. M. (2000): ‘Teacher collaboration in a networked community’, Educational Technology and Society, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 442–454.

    Google Scholar 

  • Erickson, T. (2000): ‘Lingua francas for design: Sacred places and pattern languages’, Proceedings of ACM Symposium on Designing Interactive Systems: DIS’2000 (Brooklyn, New York, August 17–19 2000), ACM, New York, pp. 357–368.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farooq, U., Merkel, C., Nash, H., Rosson, M. B., Carroll, J. M. and Xiao, M. (2005): ‘Participatory design as apprenticeship: Sustainable watershed management as a community computing application’, Proceedings of the 38th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences: HICSS-38 (January 3–6, 2005, Big Island, Hawaii), IEEE Computer Society, Washington DC, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farrington. C. and Pine, E. (1997): ‘Community memory: A case study in community communication’, in P. Agre and D. Schuler (eds.), Reinventing technology, rediscovering community: Critical explorations of computing as a social practice, Albex, Greenwich, CT, USA, 1997, pp. 219–228.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gamma, E., Helm, R., Johnson, R., and Vlissides, J. (1994): Design Patterns: elements of reusable object-oriented software, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Grobman, G. M. (2002): Pennsylvania Nonprofit Handbook: Everything You Need to Know to Start and Run Your NonProfit Organization, White Hat Communications.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guzdial, M., Rick, J., and Kerimbaev, B. (2000): ‘Recognizing and Supporting Roles in CSCW’, Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, December 2–6 2000), ACM Press, NY, pp. 261–268.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, R. E. (1997): ‘Frameworks = (Components and Patterns)’, Communications of the ACM, vol. 40, no. 10, pp. 39–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • King, N. K. (2004): ‘Social Capital and Nonprofit Leaders’, Nonprofit Management & Leadership, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 471–486.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Knowles, M. S. (1973): The adult learner: A neglected species, Gulf Publishing Company, American Society for Training and Development, Houston, TX, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lave, J., and Wenger, E. (1991): Situated learning: Legitimate peripheral participation, Cambridge University Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merkel, C. B., Xiao, L., Farooq, U., Ganoe, C. H., Lee, R., Carroll, J. M. and Rosson, M. B. (2004): ‘Participatory design in community computing contexts: tales from the field’, Proceedings of the 8th Conference on Participatory Design: Artful Integration: Interweaving Media, Materials and Practices (Toronto, Ontario, Canada, July 27–31 2004), ACM Press, New York, pp. 1–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merkel, C. B., Clitherow, M., Farooq, U., Xiao, L., Ganoe, G. H., Carroll, J. M. and Rosson, M. B. (2005): ‘Sustaining computer use and learning in community computing contexts: Making technology part of “who they are and what they do”’, The Journal of Community Informatics [Online], vol. 1, no. 2, 134–150. URL: http://ci-journal.net/viewarticle.php?id=53&layout=html.

    Google Scholar 

  • Putnam, R. (2000): Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community, Simon & Schuster: New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rainie, L. and Horrigan, J. (January, 25, 2005): ‘A decade of adoption: How the Internet has woven itself into American life’, Trends 2005, Pew Research Center, accessed at http://pewresearch.org/ on March 1, 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rheingold, H. (1993): The Virtual Community: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogers, E. M., Collins-Jarvis, L. and Schmitz, J. (1994): ‘The PEN Project in Santa Monica: Interactive communication, equality, and political action’, Journal of the American Society for Information Science, vol. 45, no. 6, pp. 401–410.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ryan, R. M., and Deci, E. L. (2000): ‘Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being’, American Psychologist, vol. 55, pp. 68–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schuler, D. (2002): ‘A pattern language for living communication’, Proceedings of the 6th Conference on Participatory Design (Malmo, Sweden, June 23–25 2002), CPSR, Palo Alto, CA, USA, pp. 434–436.

    Google Scholar 

  • Techsoup. (2005): ‘Technology Planning’, accessed at http://www.techsoup.com/howto/articles.cfm?topicid=11&pic=Technology%20Planning on March 2, 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  • Uncapher, W. (1999): ‘Electronic homesteading on the rural frontier: Big Sky Telegraph and its community’, in M. Smith and P. Kollock (eds.), Communities in Cyberspace, Routledge, 1999, pp. 264–289.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vygotsky, L. S. (1978): Mind and society: The development of higher mental processes, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wellman, B. (1982): ‘Studying personal communities’, in P. Marsden and N. Lin (eds.), Social Networks and Social Structure, Sage, Beverly Hills, CA, USA, 1982, pp. 61–80.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer

About this paper

Cite this paper

Carroll, J.M., Farooq, U. (2005). Community-based Learning: Design Patterns and Frameworks. In: Gellersen, H., Schmidt, K., Beaudouin-Lafon, M., Mackay, W. (eds) ECSCW 2005. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4023-7_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4023-7_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-4022-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4020-4023-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics