Abstract
Timetabling problems have been frequently studied due to their wide range of applications. However, they are often solved manually because of the lack of appropriate computer tools. Although many approaches mainly based on local search or constraint programming seem to have been quite successful in recent years, they are often dedicated to specific problems and encounter difficulties in dealing with the dynamic and over-constrained nature of such problems.
We were confronted with such an over-constrained and dynamic problem in our institution. This paper deals with a timetabling system based on constraint programming with the use of explanations to offer a dynamic behaviour and to allow automatic relaxations of constraints. Our tool has successfully answered the needs of the current planner by providing solutions in a few minutes instead of a week of manual design. We present in this paper the techniques used, the results obtained and a discussion on the effects of the automation of the timetabling process.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Barták, R., Müller, T., Rudová, H.: A New Approach to Modeling and Solving Minimal Perturbation Problems. In: Moreno-Díaz Jr., R., Pichler, F. (eds.) EUROCAST 2003. LNCS, vol. 2809, pp. 233–249. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Berlandier, P., Neveu, B.: Arc-Consistency for Dynamic Constraint Problems: A RMS Free Approach. In: Proc. ECAI 1994 Workshop on Constraint Satisfaction Issues raised by Practical Applications (1994)
Bessière, C.: Arc Consistency in Dynamic Constraint Satisfaction Problems. In: Nat. Conf. on Artificial Intelligence—AAAI 1991 (1991)
de Backer, B., Béringer, H.: Intelligent Backtracking for CLP Languages: An Application to CLP(\({\cal R}\)). In: Saraswat, V., Ueda, K. (eds.) ILPS 1991: Proc. Int. Logic Programming Symposium, San Diego, CA, pp. 405–419. MIT Press, Cambridge (1991)
Cheng, E., Kruk, S., Lipman, M.: Flow Formulation for the Student Scheduling Problem. In: Burke, E.K., De Causmaecker, P. (eds.) PATAT 2002. LNCS, vol. 2740, pp. 299–309. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Debruyne, R.: Arc-Consistency in Dynamic CSPs is No More Prohibitive. In: 8th Conf. on Tools with Artificial Intelligence (TAI 1996), pp. 299–306 (1996)
Debruyne, R., Ferrand, G., Jussien, N., Lesaint, W., Ouis, S., Tessier, A.: Correctness of Constraint Retraction Algorithms. In: FLAIRS 2003: 16th Int. Florida Artificial Intelligence Research Society Conf., St Augustine, FL, pp. 172–176. AAAI Press, Menlo Park (2003)
Elkhyari, A.: Outils d’Aide à la Décision Pour les Problèmes d’Ordonnancement Dynamique. Ph.D. Thesis. École des Mines de Nantes, France (2003) (in French)
Elkhyari, A., Guéret, C., Jussien, N.: Solving Dynamic Timetabling Problems as Dynamic Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problems Using New Constraint Programming Tools. In: Burke, E.K., De Causmaecker, P. (eds.) PATAT 2002. LNCS, vol. 2740, pp. 39–59. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Elkhyari, A., Guéret, C., Jussien, N.: Constraint Programming for Dynamic Scheduling Problems. In: Hiroshi Kise, H. (ed.) ISS 2004 Int. Scheduling Symp., Awaji, Hyogo, Japan. Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, pp. 84–89 (2004)
Elkhyari, A., Guéret, C., Jussien, N.: Stable Solutions for Dynamic Project Scheduling Problems. In: PMS 2004 Int. Workshop on Project Management and Scheduling, Nancy, France, April 2004, pp. 380–384 (2004)
Georget, Y., Codognet, P., Rossi, F.: Constraint Retraction in CLP(FD): Formal Framework and Performance Results. Constraints 4, 5–42 (1999)
Hertz, A.: Tabu Search for Large Scale Timetabling Problems. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 54, 39–47 (1991)
Jussien, N.: E-Constraints: Explanation-Based Constraint Programming. In: CP 2001 Workshop on User-Interaction in Constraint Satisfaction, Paphos, Cyprus (December 2001)
Jussien, N., Boizumault, P.: Best-First Search for Property Maintenance in Reactive Constraints Systems. In: Int. Logic Programming Symp., Port Jefferson, NY, pp. 339–353. MIT Press, Cambridge (1997)
Jussien, N., Lhomme, O.: Local Search with Constraint Propagation and Conflict-Based Heuristics. Artif. Intell. 139, 21–45 (2002)
Jussien, N., Ouis, S.: User-Friendly Explanations for Constraint Programming. In: ICLP 2001 11th Workshop on Logic Programming Environments (WLPE 2001) Paphos, Cyprus (December 2001)
Müller, T., Rudová, H.: Minimal Perturbation Problem in Course Timetabling. In: Burke, E.K., Trick, M.A. (eds.) PATAT 2004. LNCS, vol. 3616, pp. 283–303. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)
Régin, J.-C.: A Filtering Algorithm for Constraints of Difference in CSPs. In: AAAI 1994, 12th Nat. Conf. on Artificial Intelligence, Seattle, WA, pp. 362–367 (1994)
Régin, J.-C.: Generalized Arc Consistency for Global Cardinality Constraint. In: AAAI/IAAI, pp. 209–215 (1996)
Rochart, G., Jussien, N., Laburthe, F.: Challenging Explanations for Global Constraints. In: CP 2003 Workshop on User-Interaction in Constraint Satisfaction (UICS 2003), pp. 31–43 (2003)
Santiago-Mozos, R., Salcedo-Sanz, S., DePrado-Cumplido, M., Bousoño-Calzón, C.: A Two-Phase Heuristic Evolutionary Algorithm for Personalizing Course Timetables: A Case Study in a Spanish University. Comput. Oper. Res. 32, 1761–1776 (2005)
Wilson, M., Borning, A.: Hierarchical Constraint Logic Programming. J. Logic Program. 16, 277–318 (1993)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Cambazard, H., Demazeau, F., Jussien, N., David, P. (2005). Interactively Solving School Timetabling Problems Using Extensions of Constraint Programming. In: Burke, E., Trick, M. (eds) Practice and Theory of Automated Timetabling V. PATAT 2004. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3616. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11593577_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11593577_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-30705-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-32421-8
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)