Abstract
HPC clusters are widely used to execute parallel tasks. With the increasing number of nodes and frequency of processors, they consume huge amount of energy. The heat generated by clusters also imposes very heavy load for cooling infrastructures. The utilization of some clusters is not always high, indicating that there is a huge space to conserve energy consumption with more intelligent energy management scheme. Although there has been some energy conservation schemes proposed for web clusters, they are not applicable to HPC clusters. In this paper we propose a dynamic energy conservation scheme for HPC clusters. The scheme is to turn some cluster nodes on and off dynamically according to the current and historical workload. The goal is to reduce the energy consumption of clusters with minimal performance loss. We evaluate our scheme by simulation and show that it can effectively conserve energy consumption.
This project is partially supported by Intel Corp.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Supercluster.org: http://www.supercluster.org/research/traces
Chandrakasan, A., Brodersen, R.: Low-Power Digital CMOS Design. Klumer (1995)
Nebel, W., Mermet, J. (eds.): Low-Power Design in Deep Submicron Electronics. Kluwer, Dordrecht (1997)
Eui-Young, C., Luca, B., Alessandro, B., Yung-Hsiang, L., Giovanni, D.M.: Dynamic Power Management for Nonstationary Service Requests. IEEE Transaction on Computers 51(11), 1345–1361 (2002)
Pering, T., Burd, T., Brodersen, R.: The simulation and evaluation of Dynamic Voltage Scaling Algorithms. In: Proc. Int’l Symp. Low Power Electronics and Design, August 1998, pp. 76–81 (1998)
Kirubanandan, N., Sivasubramaniam, A., Vijaykrishnan, N., Kandemir, M., Irwin, M.J.: Memory Energy Characterization and Optimization for SPEC2000 Benchmarks. In: Proc. IEEE 4th Annual Workshop on Workload Characterization, pp. 193–201 (2001)
Delaluz, V., Kandemir, M., Vijaykrishnan, N., Sivasubramaniam, A., Irwin, M.J.: DRAM Energy Management Using Software and Hardware Directed Power Mode Control. In: Proc. 7th Int’l Symp. on High Performance Computer Architecture, pp. 159–170 (2001)
Pouwelse, J., Langendoen, K., Sips, H.: Application-Directed Voltage Scaling. IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration Systems 11(5), 812–826 (2003)
Vijaykrshnam, N., Kandemir, M., Irwin, M.J., Kim, H.S., Ye, W.: Energy-driven Integrated Hardware-Software Optimizations using SimplePower. In: Proc. 27th Annual Int’l Symp. on Computer Architecture, pp. 95–106 (2000)
Chase, J.S., Anderson, D.C., Thakar, P.N., Vahdat, A.M., Doyle, R.P.: Managing Energy and Server Resources in Hosting Centers. In: Proc., Eighteenth ACM Symp. on Operating systems principles, pp. 103–116 (2001)
Pinheiro, E., Bianchini, R., Carrera, E.V., Heath, T.: Load Balancing and Unbalancing for Power and Performance in Cluster-Based Systems. Technical Report DCS-TR-440, Department of Computer Science, Rutgers University (May 2001)
Elnozahy, E.N., Kistler, M., Rajamony, R.: Energy-Efficient Server Clusters. In: Proc. Second Workshop on Power Aware Computing Systems (2002)
Walfredo, C., Francine, B.: A Comprehensive Model of the Supercomputer Workload. In: Proc. IEEE 4th Workshop on Workload Characterization, pp. 140–148 (2001)
Downey, A.: Using Queue Time Predictions for Processors Allocation. In: Mycielski, J., Rozenberg, G., Salomaa, A. (eds.) Structures in Logic and Computer Science. LNCS, vol. 1261. Springer, Heidelberg (1997)
Feitelson, D.G., Rudolph, L., Schwiegelshohn, U., Sevcik, K.C., Wong, P.: Theory and practice in parallel job scheduling. In: Feitelson, D.G., Rudolph, L. (eds.) IPPS-WS 1997 and JSSPP 1997. LNCS, vol. 1291. Springer, Heidelberg (1997)
Choi, J.H., Franke, H.: Storage Power Management for Cluster Servers Using Remote Disk Access. In: Danelutto, M., Vanneschi, M., Laforenza, D. (eds.) Euro-Par 2004. LNCS, vol. 3149, pp. 460–467. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Rajamani, K., Lefurgy, C.: On Evaluating Request-Distribution Schemes for Saving Energy in Server Clusters. In: Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of Systems and Software (ISPASS 2003), March 2003, pp. 111–122 (2003)
Microsoft Company, Inc., Best practices for configuring and operating server clusters (January 2005), http://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/windowsserver2003/library/ServerHelp/2798643f-427a-4d26-b510-d7a4a4d3a95c.mspx
Bode, B., Halstead, D.M., Kendall, R., Lei, Z.: The Portable Batch Scheduler and the Maui Scheduler on Linux Clusteres. In: Proceedings of the 4th Annual Linux Showcase and Conference, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, October 10-14 (2000)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Chen, W., Jiang, F., Zheng, W., Zhang, P. (2005). A Dynamic Energy Conservation Scheme for Clusters in Computing Centers. In: Yang, L.T., Zhou, X., Zhao, W., Wu, Z., Zhu, Y., Lin, M. (eds) Embedded Software and Systems. ICESS 2005. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3820. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11599555_25
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11599555_25
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-30881-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-32297-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)