Abstract
In Crypto 2000 and 2003, Lenstra-Verheul and Rubin- Silverberg proposed XTR public key system and torus based public key cryptosystem CEILIDH, respectively. The common main idea of XTR and CEILIDH is to shorten the bandwidth of transmission data. Due to the contribution of Granger et al., that is the comparison result of the performance of CEILIDH and XTR, XTR is an excellent alternative to either RSA or ECC in some applications, where computational power and memory capacity are both very limited, such as smart-cards. Among the family of XTR algorithm, Improved XTR Single Exponentiation (XTR-ISE) is the most efficient one, which computes single exponentiation. However, there are few papers investigating the side channel attacks of XTR-ISE, even though the memory constraint devices suffer most from vulnerability to side channel attacks. Chung-Hasan and Page-Stam tried to analyze XTR-ISE with the known simple power analysis, but unfortunately their approach were not practically feasible. Recently, Han et al. proposed new collision attack on it with analysis complexity O(240) when the key size is 160-bit. In this paper we analyze XTR-ISE from other point of view, namely differential power analysis (DPA). One straightforward result is that XTR-ISE can be free from the original DPA. However, a non-trivial result is that an enhancing DPA proposed in this paper threatens XTR-ISE. Furthermore, we show several weak points of the structure of XTR-ISE. From our simulation results, we show the proposed attack requires about 584 times queries to DPA_Oracle to detect the whole 160-bit secret value. This result shows that XTR-ISE is vulnerable to the proposed enhancing DPA.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Chung, J., Hasan, A.: Security Analysis of XTR Exponentiation Algorithms Against Simple Power Analysis Attack. In: CACR 2004-2005, http://www.cacr.math.uwaterloo.ca/techreports/2004/cacr2004-05.pdf
van Dijk, M., Granger, R., Page, D., Rubin, K., Silverberg, A., Stam, M., Woodruff, D.P.: Practical Cryptography in High Dimensional Tori. In: Cramer, R. (ed.) EUROCRYPT 2005. LNCS, vol. 3494, pp. 234–250. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)
van Dijk, M., Woodruff, D.: Asymptotically Optimal Communication for Torus-Based Cryptography. In: Franklin, M. (ed.) CRYPTO 2004. LNCS, vol. 3152, pp. 157–178. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Granger, R., Page, D.L., Stam, M.: A Comparison of CEILIDH and XTR. In: Buell, D.A. (ed.) ANTS 2004. LNCS, vol. 3076, pp. 235–249. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Han, D.-G., Izu, T., Lim, J., Sakurai, K.: Side Channel Cryptanalysis on XTR Public Key Cryptosystem. IEICE Trans. Fundamentals, Special Section on Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications E88-A(5), 1214–1223 (2005)
Han, D.-G., Takagi, T., Kim, T.H., Kim, H.W., Chung, K.I.: Collision Attack on XTR and a Countermeasure with a Fixed Pattern. International Association for Cryptologic Research, IACR (2005), Cryptology ePrint Archive 2005/316, http://eprint.iacr.org/2005/316
Kocher, C.: Timing Attacks on Implementations of Diffie-Hellman, RSA, DSS, and Other Systems. In: Koblitz, N. (ed.) CRYPTO 1996. LNCS, vol. 1109, pp. 104–113. Springer, Heidelberg (1996)
Kocher, C., Jaffe, J., Jun, B.: Differential Power Analysis. In: Wiener, M. (ed.) CRYPTO 1999. LNCS, vol. 1666, pp. 388–397. Springer, Heidelberg (1999)
Lenstra, A.K., Verheul, E.R.: The XTR public key system. In: Bellare, M. (ed.) CRYPTO 2000. LNCS, vol. 1880, pp. 1–19. Springer, Heidelberg (2000), http://www.ecstr.com
Page, D., Stam, M.: On XTR and Side-Channel Analysis. In: Handschuh, H., Hasan, M.A. (eds.) SAC 2004. LNCS, vol. 3357, pp. 54–68. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Rubin, K., Silverberg, A.: Torus-Based Cryptography. In: Boneh, D. (ed.) CRYPTO 2003. LNCS, vol. 2729, pp. 349–365. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Stam, M., Lenstra, A.K.: Speeding Up XTR. In: Boyd, C. (ed.) ASIACRYPT 2001. LNCS, vol. 2248, pp. 125–143. Springer, Heidelberg (2001), http://www.ecstr.com
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Han, DG., Takagi, T., Lim, J. (2006). Further Security Analysis of XTR. In: Chen, K., Deng, R., Lai, X., Zhou, J. (eds) Information Security Practice and Experience. ISPEC 2006. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 3903. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11689522_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11689522_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-33052-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-33058-5
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)