Abstract
We show that changes to the color distribution statistics induced by resampling operations on color images present useful features for the detection and estimation of embeddings due to LSB steganography. The resampling operations considered in our study are typical operations like zoom-in, zoom-out, rotations and distortions. We show experimental evidence that the features computed from these resampling operations form distinct clusters in pattern space for different levels of embeddings and are amenable to classification using a pattern classifier like SVM. Our method works well not only for LSB Replacement Steganography but also for the LSB Matching approach.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Brown, A.: ftp://ftp.demon.net/pub/mirrors/crypto/idea/code/s-tools4.zip
Provos, N.: OutGuess 0.2, http://www.outguess.org/
Ker, A.: Improved detection of LSB steganography in grayscale images. In: Fridrich, J. (ed.) IH 2004. LNCS, vol. 3200, pp. 97–115. Springer, Heidelberg (2004)
Ker, A.: Resampling and the detection of LSB matching in color bitmaps, Security, steganography, and watermarking of multimedia contents VII, San Jose, California, USA, pp. 1–15 (January 2005)
Fridrich, J., Goljan, M., Du, R.: Steganalysis Based on JPEG Compatibility, Special session on Theoretical and Practical Issues in Digital Watermarking and Data Hiding. In: SPIE Multimedia Systems and Applications IV, Denver, CO, August 20–24, pp. 275–280 (2001)
Petitcolas, F.A.P., Anderson, R.J., Kuhn, M.G.: Attacks on copyright marking systems. In: Aucsmith, D. (ed.) IH 1998. LNCS, vol. 1525, pp. 219–239. Springer, Heidelberg (1998)
Petitcolas, F.A.P.: Watermarking schemes evaluation. I.E.E.E. Signal Processing 17(5), 58–64 (2000)
Fridrich, J., Goljan, M., Holotyak, T.: New Blind Steganalysis and its Implications. In: Proc. SPIE Electronic Imaging, Photonics West (January 2006)
Fridrich, J., Du, R., Meng, L.: Steganalysis of LSB Encoding in Color Images. In: ICME 2000, New York City, New York, USA, July 31–August 2, pp. 290–294 (2000)
Fridrich, J., Goljan, M., Du, R.: Detecting LSB Steganography in Color and Grey-Scale Images. Magazine of IEEE Multimedia, Special Issue on Security 31(15), 22–28 (2001)
Westfeld, A.: Detecting low embedding rates. In: Petitcolas, F.A.P. (ed.) IH 2002. LNCS, vol. 2578, pp. 324–339. Springer, Heidelberg (2003)
Chang, C.-C., Lin, C.-J.: LIBSVM – A Library for Support Vector Machines, http://www.csie.ntu.edu.tw/~cjlin/libsvm/
Farid, H.: Detecting Steganographic Message in Digital Images, Dartmouth College, TR2001-412 (2001), http://www.cs.dartmouth.edu/~farid/publications/tr01.html
Sharp, T.: An Implementation of key-based digital signal steganography. In: Moskowitz, I.S. (ed.) IH 2001. LNCS, vol. 2137, pp. 13–26. Springer, Heidelberg (2001)
Harmsen, J., Pearlman, W.: Higher-order statistical steganalysis of palette images, Security, Steganography and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents V. In: Proc. SPIE, vol. 5020, pp. 131–142 (2003)
Harmsen, J., Bowers, K., Pearlman, W.: Fast additive noise steganalysis, Security, Steganography and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents VI. In: Proc. SPIE, vol. 5306, pp. 489–495 (2004)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Suresh, V., Sophia, S.M., Madhavan, C.E.V. (2006). Resampling Operations as Features for Detecting LSB Replacement and LSB Matching in Color Images. In: Gunsel, B., Jain, A.K., Tekalp, A.M., Sankur, B. (eds) Multimedia Content Representation, Classification and Security. MRCS 2006. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4105. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11848035_34
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11848035_34
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-39392-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-39393-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)