Abstract
Locating human fiducial points like eyes and mouth in a frontal head and shoulder image is an active research area for applications such as model based teleconferencing systems, model based low bit rate video transmission, computer based identification and recognition systems. This paper proposes an adept and efficient rule based skin color region extraction algorithm using normalized r-g color space. The given scheme extracts the skin pixels employing a simple quadratic polynomial model and some additional color based rules to extract possible eye and lip regions. The algorithm refines the search for fiducial points by eliminating falsely extracted feature components using spatial and geometrical representations of facial components. The algorithm described herein has been implemented and tested with 311 images from FERET database with varying light conditions, skin colors, orientation and tilts. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm is quite robust and leads to good facial feature extraction.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Rein-Lien, H., Abdel-Mottaleb, M.: Face detection in colour images. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 24(5), 696–706 (2002)
Ming-Hsuan, Y., Kriegnam, D.J., Ahuja, N.: Detecting faces in images: a survey. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 24(1), 34–58 (2002)
Alattar, A.M., Rajala, S.A.: Facial Features Localization In Front View Head And Shoulders Images. In: IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, March 1999, vol. 6, pp. 3557–3560 (1999)
Rein-Lien, H., Abdel-Mottaleb, M., Jain, A.K.: Face detection in color images. Tech. Report MSU-CSE-01-7, Michigan State University (March 2001)
Ínce, E.A., Kaymak, S., Çelik, T.: Yüzsel Öznitelik Sezimi Için Karma Bir Teknik. In: 13. IEEE Sinyal Ísleme ve Íletisim Uygulamaları Kurultayı, May 2005, pp. 396–399 (2005)
Hu, M., Worrall, S., Sadka, A.H., Kondoz, A.M.: Face Feature Detection And Model Design For 2D Scalable Model-Based Video Coding. In: International Conference on Visual Information Engineering, July 2003, pp. 125–128 (2003)
Sung, K., Poggio, T.: Example based Learning for View-based Human Face Detection. C.B.C.L., Paper No: 112, MIT (1994)
Moghaddam, B., Pentland, A.: Face Recognition using View-Based and Modular Eigenspaces. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 20(1), 23–38 (1998)
Rowley, H., Baluja, S., Kanade, T.: Neural Network Based Face Detection. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 24(1), 34–58 (2002)
Adams, R., Bischof, L.: Seeded Region Growing. IEEE Trans. on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 16(6), 641–647 (1994)
Heisele, B., Ho, P., Wu, J., Poggio, T.: Face Recognition: Component-based versus Global Approaches. Computer Vision and Image Understanding 91, 6–21 (2003)
Phillips, P.J., Wechsler, H., Huang, J., Rauss, P.: The FERET database and evaluation procedure for face recognition algorithms. Image and Vision Computing J. 16(5), 295–306 (1998)
Phillips, P.J., Moon, H., Rizvi, S.A., Rauss, P.J.: The FERET Evaluation Methodology for Face Recognition Algorithms. IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 22, 1090–1104 (2000)
Terrillon, J.C., Shirazi, M.N., Akamatsu, S.: Comperative performance of different skin chrominance models and chrominance spaces for the automatic detection of human faces in color images. In: Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition, pp. 54–61 (2000)
Chiang, C.-C., Tai, W.-K., Yang, M.-T., Huang, Y.-T., Huang, C.-J.: A novel method for detecting lips, eyes and faces in real time. Real-Time Imaging 9 9, 277–287 (2003)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
İnce, E.A., Ali, S.A. (2006). An Adept Segmentation Algorithm and Its Application to the Extraction of Local Regions Containing Fiducial Points. In: Levi, A., Savaş, E., Yenigün, H., Balcısoy, S., Saygın, Y. (eds) Computer and Information Sciences – ISCIS 2006. ISCIS 2006. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4263. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11902140_59
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11902140_59
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-47242-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-47243-8
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)