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A Simple Related-Key Attack on the Full SHACAL-1

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Topics in Cryptology – CT-RSA 2007 (CT-RSA 2007)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNSC,volume 4377))

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Abstract

SHACAL-1 is a 160-bit block cipher with variable key length of up to 512-bit key based on the hash function SHA-1. It was submitted to the NESSIE project and was accepted as a finalist for the 2nd phase of evaluation. Since its introduction, SHACAL-1 withstood extensive cryptanalytic efforts. The best known key recovery attack on the full cipher up to this paper has a time complexity of about 2420 encryptions.

In this paper we use an observation due to Saarinen to present an elegant related-key attack on SHACAL-1. The attack can be mounted using two to eight unknown related keys, where each additional key reduces the time complexity of retrieving the actual values of the keys by a factor of 262. When all eight related-keys are used, the attack requires 2101.3 related-key chosen plaintexts and has a running time of 2101.3 encryptions. This is the first successful related-key key recovery attack on a cipher with varying round constants.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Computer Science Department, Technion, Haifa, 32000, Israel

    Eli Biham & Orr Dunkelman

  2. Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, ESAT/SCD-COSIC, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, B-3001, Leuven-Heverlee, Belgium

    Orr Dunkelman

  3. Einstein Institute of Mathematics, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel

    Nathan Keller

Authors
  1. Eli Biham
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  2. Orr Dunkelman
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  3. Nathan Keller
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Information Sharing Platform Laboratories, NTT Corporation, Japan

    Masayuki Abe

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Biham, E., Dunkelman, O., Keller, N. (2006). A Simple Related-Key Attack on the Full SHACAL-1. In: Abe, M. (eds) Topics in Cryptology – CT-RSA 2007. CT-RSA 2007. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 4377. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/11967668_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/11967668_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-69327-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-69328-4

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