Abstract
In this work, we study the behaviour of the Bidirectional Associative Memory (BAM) in terms of the supporting neural structure, with a view to its possible improvements as a useful Pattern Classifier by means of class associations from unknown inputs, once mentioned classes have been previously defined by one or even more prototypes. The best results have been obtained by suitably choosing the training pattern pairs, the thresholds, and the activation functions of the network’s neurones, by means of certain proposed methods described in the paper. In order to put forward the advantages of these proposed methods, the classifier has been applied on an especially popular hand-written character set as the well-known NIST#19 character database, and with one of the UCI’s data bases. In all cases, the method led to a marked improvement in the performance achievable by a BAM, with a 0% error rate.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Steinbuch, K.: Die Lernmatrix. Kybernetik. 1 (1991) 36–45
Anderseon, F. A.:A Simple Neural Network Generating an inter-ctive Memory. Mathematical Biosciences. 14 (1972) 197–220
Kohonen, T.: Associtive Memory: A System-heoretical Approach. Springer Verlag, New York (1977)
Kosko, B.: Bidirectional Associative Memories. IEEE Trans. on Systems, Man and Cybernetics18(1) (1988) 49–60
Willshaw, D. J., Buneman, O. P., Longuet, H. C.: Nonholographic Associative Memory. Nature 222 (1969) 960–962. Reprinted in Anderson & Rosenfeld (eds.), Neurocomputing: Foundation of Research, MIT Press, Cam. (1998)
Sommer, F.T., Palm, G.: Improved Bidirectional Retrieval of Sparse Patterns Stored by Hebbian Learning. Neural Networks 12(2) (1999) 281–297
Wang, Y. F., Cruz, J. B., Mulligan, J. H.: Two Coding Strategies for Bidirectional Associative Memory. IEEE Trans. on Neural Networks 1(1) (1991) 81–82
Wang, Y. F., Cruz, J. B., Mulligan, J. H.: Guaranteed Recall of all Trainig Patterns for Bidirectional Associative Memory. IEEE Trans. on Neural Networks 2(6) (1991) 559–567
Wang, Y. F., Cruz, J. B., Mulligan, J. H.: Multiple Trainig Concept for Back-Propagation Neural-Networks for use in Associative Memories. Neural Networks 6 (1993) 1169–1175
Leung, C. S., Cheung, K. F.: Householder Encoding for Discrete Bidirectional Associative Memory.Proc. of the IJCNN’91 1 (1991) 124–137
Leung. C. S.: Encoding Method for Bidirectional Associative Memory Using Projection on Convex Sets. IEEE Trans. on Neural Networks 4(5) (1993) 879–881
Zhuang, X., Huang, Y., Chen, S-S.: Better Learning for Bidirectional Associative Memory. Neural networks 6 (1993) 1131–1146
Arthithan, G., Dasgupta, G.: On Problem of Spurious Patterns in Neural Associtive Memory Models. IEEE Trans. on Neural Networks 8(6) (1997) 1483–1491
WJeng, Y. C., Teh. C. C.: Modified Intraconnected Bidirectional Associtive Memory. IEE Electronic Letters 27(20) (1998) 1818–1819
Lee, D.L.: Generalized Intraconnected Bidirectional Associtive Memories. IEE Electronic Letters 34(8) (1998) 736–738
Heekuck, O. H., Kothari, S. C.: Adaptation of the Relaxation Method for Learning in Bidirectional Associative Memory. IEEE Trans. on Neural Networks 5(4) (1994) 576–583
Simpson, P. K.: Higher-Ordered and Intraconnected Bidirectional Associtive Memories. IEEE Trans. on System, Man and Cybernetics 2 20(3) (1990) 637–653
Park, J., Kim, H-Y, Park, Y., Lee, S-W.: A Synthesis procedure for Associtive Memories Based on Space-varying cellular Neural Networks. Neural Networks 14(1) (2001) 107–113
Muller, P., Rios, D.: Issues in Bayesian Analysis of Neural Network Models. Neural Computation10 (1995) 571–592
Arica, N., Yarman-Vural, T.: An Overview of Character recognition Focused on Off-line Handwriting.IEEE Trans. on Systems, MAn and Cybernetics-Part C. 31(2) (2001) 216–233
Wu, Y., Pados, D. A.: A Feedforward Bidirectional Associtive Memory. IEEE Trans. on Neural Networks 11(4) (2000) 859–866
Nadal, J. P., Toulouse, G.: Information Storage in Sparsely Coded Memory Nets. Network 1 (1990) 61–74
Buckingham, J., Willshaw, D.: On Setting Unit Thresholds in an Incompletely Connected Associtive Net. Networks 4 (1993) 441–459
Chua, L. O., Yang, L.: Cellular Neural Networks: Theory and Applications. IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems 35 (1988) 1257–1290
Kumar, S.: Memory Anhilitaion of Structured Maps in Bidirectional Associtive Memories. IEEE Trans. on Neural Networks 11(4) (2000) 1023–1038
Crespi, B.: Storage Capacity of Non-monotonic Neurons. Neural Networks 12(10) (1999) 1376–1389
Alippi, C., Piuri, V., Sami, M.: Sensitivity to Errors in Artificial Neural Networks:A Behavioral Approach. Proc. of the IEEE Intl. Symp. on Circuits and Systems. (1994) 1376–1389
Kretzschmar, R., Karayannis, N. B., Richner, H.: NEURO-BRA:A Bird Removal forWind Profiler Data Based on Quantum Neural Networks. Proc. of the IJCNN’2000,4 (2000) 373–378
Bollé, D., Domínguez, D. R., Amari, S. I.: Mutual Information of Sparsely CodedAssocitive Memory with Self-Control and Ternary Neurons. Neural Networks 13 (4–5) (2000) 455–462
Merz, C. J., Murphy, P. M.: UCI Repository of Machine Learning Databases. (1998).Available at http://www.ics.uci.edu/~mlearn/MLRepository.html
Quinlan, J. R.: Simplifying Decision Trees. International Journal of Man-Machine Studies, (1987)
Tan, M., Eshelman, L.: UsingWeighted Networks to Represent Classificatioin Knowledge in Noysi Domains. Morgan Kaufmann (eds.), Proc. of the 5th Intl. Conf. on Machine Learning (1988) 121–134
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
López Aligué, F.J., Acevedo Sotoca, I., Alvarez Troncoso, I., García Orellana, C.J., González Velasco, H. (2002). A Neural Associative Pattern Classifier. In: Garijo, F.J., Riquelme, J.C., Toro, M. (eds) Advances in Artificial Intelligence — IBERAMIA 2002. IBERAMIA 2002. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 2527. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-36131-6_44
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-36131-6_44
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-00131-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-36131-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive