Abstract
We report on a successful preliminary experience in the design and implementation of a special-purpose Abstract Interpretation based static program analyzer for the verification of safety critical embedded real-time software. The analyzer is both precise (zero false alarm in the considered experiment) and efficient (less than one minute of analysis for 10,000 lines of code). Even if it is based on a simple interval analysis, many features have been added to obtain the desired precision: expansion of small arrays, widening with several thresholds, loop unrolling, trace partitioning, relations between loop counters and other variables. The efficiency of the tool mainly comes from a clever representation of abstract environments based on balanced binary search trees.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J.-R. Abrial. On B. In D. Bert, editor, Proc. 2 nd Int. B Conf., B’98: Recent Advances in the Development and Use of the B Method, Montpellier, FR, LNCS 1393, pages 1–8. Springer-Verlag, 22-24 Apr. 1998.
American National Standards Institute, Inc. IEEE standard for binary floatingpoint arithmetic. Technical Report 754-1985, ANSI/IEEE, 1985. http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/754/.
P. R. Bevington and D. K. Robinson. Data Reduction and Error Analysis for the Physical Sciences. McGraw-Hill, 1992.
P. Cousot. The Marktoberdorf’98 generic abstract interpreter. http://www.di.ens.fr/~cousot/Marktoberdorf98.shtml, Nov. 1998.
P. Cousot. Abstract interpretation based formal methods and future challenges, invited paper. In R. Wilhelm, editor, Informatics-10 Years Back, 10 Years Ahead, volume 2000 of LNCS, pages 138–156. Springer-Verlag, 2000. (minutes) Time
P. Cousot. Partial completeness of abstract fixpoint checking, invited paper. In B.Y. Choueiry and T. Walsh, editors, Proc. 4 th Int. Symp. SARA’2000, Horseshoe Bay, TX, US, LNAI 1864, pages 1–25. Springer-Verlag, 26-29 Jul. 2000.
P. Cousot and R. Cousot. Static determination of dynamic properties of programs. In Proc. 2 nd Int. Symp. on Programming, pages 106–130. Dunod, 1976.
P. Cousot and R. Cousot. Abstract interpretation: a unified lattice model for static analysis of programs by construction or approximation of fixpoints. In 4 th POPL, pages 238–252, Los Angeles, CA, 1977. ACM Press.
P. Cousot and R. Cousot. Systematic design of program analysis frameworks. In 6 th POPL, pages 269–282, San Antonio, TX, 1979. ACM Press.
D. Goldberg. What every computer scientist should know about floating-point arithmetic. ACM Comput. Surv., 23(1):5–48, Mar. 1991.
M. Handjieva and S. Tzolovski. Refining static analyses by trace-based partitioning using control flow. In G. Levi, editor, Proc. 5 th Int. Symp. SAS’ 98, Pisa, IT, 14-16 Sep. 1998, LNCS 1503, pages 200–214. Springer-Verlag, 1998.
G.J. Holzmann. Software analysis and model checking. In E. Brinksma and K.G. Larsen, editors, Proc. 14 th Int. Conf. CAV’2002, Copenhagen, DK, LNCS 2404, pages 1–16. Springer-Verlag, 27-31 Jul. 2002.
N. Jones, C.K. Gomard, and P. Sestoft. Partial Evaluation and Automatic Program Generation. Int. Series in Computer Science. Prentice-Hall, June 1993.
JTC 1/SC 22. Programming languages-C. Technical report, ISO/IEC 9899:1999, 16 Dec. 1999.
X. Leroy, D. Doligez, J. Garrigue, D. Rémy, and J. Vouillon. The Objective Caml system, documentation and user’s manual (release 3.04). Technical report, INRIA, Rocquencourt, FR, 10 Dec. 2001. http://caml.inria.fr/ocaml/.
A. Miné. A new numerical abstract domain based on difference-bound matrices. In 0. Danvy and A. Filinski, editors, Proc. 2 nd Symp. PADO’2001, Århus, DK, 21-23 May 2001, LNCS 2053, pages 155–172. Springer-Verlag, 2001. http://www.di.ens.fr/~mine/publi/article-mine-padoII.pdf.
S. Owre, N. Shankar, and D.W.J. Stringer-Calvert. PVS: An experience report. In D. Hutter, W. Stephan, P. Traverso, and M. Ullmann, editors, PROC Applied Formal Methods-FM-Trends’98, International Workshop on Current Trends in Applied Formal Method, Boppard, DE, LNCS 1641, pages 338–345. Springer-Verlag, 7-9 Oct. 1999.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Blanchet, B. et al. (2002). Design and Implementation of a Special-Purpose Static Program Analyzer for Safety-Critical Real-Time Embedded Software. In: Mogensen, T.Æ., Schmidt, D.A., Sudborough, I.H. (eds) The Essence of Computation. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 2566. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-36377-7_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-36377-7_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-00326-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-36377-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive