Abstract
In reinforcement learning, an agent tries to learn a policy, i.e., how to select an action in a given state of the environment, so that it maximizes the total amount of reward it receives when interacting with the environment. We argue that a relational representation of states is natural and useful when the environment is complex and involves many inter-related objects. Relational reinforcement learning works on such relational representations and can be used to approach problems that are currently out of reach for classical reinforcement learning approaches. This chapter introduces relational reinforcement learning and gives an overview of techniques, applications and recent developments in this area.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bertsekas, D.P., & Tsitsiklis, J.N. (1996). Neuro-Dynamic Programming. Belmont, MA: Athena Scientific.
Blockeel, H., De Raedt, L., & Ramon, J. (1998). Top-down induction of clustering trees. In Proc. 15th International Conference on Machine Learning, pages 55–63. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann.
Chapman, D., & Kaelbling, L. P. (1991). Input generalization in delayed reinforcement learning: An algorithm and performance comparisons. In Proc. 12th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 726–731. San Mateo, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.
Driessens, K., & Blockeel, H. (2001). Learning Digger using hierarchical reinforcement learning for concurrent goals. In Proc. 5th European Workshop on Reinforcement Learning, pages 11–12. Utrecht, The Netherlands: CKI Utrecht University.
Driessens, K., & Džeroski, S. (2002) Integrating experimentation and guidance in relational reinforcement learning. In Proc. 19th International Conference on Machine Learning, pages 115–122. San Francisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.
Driessens, K., Ramon, J., & Blockeel, H. (2001). Speeding up relational reinforcement learning through the use of an incremental first order decision tree algorithm. In Proc. 12th European Conference on Machine Learning, pages 97–108. Berlin: Springer.
Džeroski, S., De Raedt, L., & Blockeel, H. (1998). Relational reinforcement learning. In Proc. 15th International Conference on Machine Learning, pages 136–143. San Francisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.
Džeroski, S., De Raedt, L., & Driessens, K. (2001). Relational reinforcement learning. Machine Learning, 43, 7–52.
Kazakov, D., & Kudenko, D. (2001). Machine learning and inductive logic programming for multi-agent systems. In Luck, M., Marik, V., Stepankova, O., and Trappl, R., editors, Multi-Agent Systems and Applications, pages 246–270. Berlin: Springer.
Lavrač, N. and Džeroski, S. (1994). Inductive Logic Programming: Techniques and Applications., New York: Ellis Horwood. Freely available at http://www-ai.ijs.si/SasoDzeroski/ILPBook/
Smart, W. D., & Kaelbling, L. P. (2000). Practical reinforcement learning in continuous spaces. In Proc. 17th International Conference on Machine Learning, pages 903–910. San Francisco, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.
Sutton, R. S. (1996) Generalization in reinforcement learning: Successful examples using sparse coarse coding. In Proc. 8th Conference on Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pages 1038–1044. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Sutton, R. S., & Barto, A. G. (1998). Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Džeroski, S. (2003). Relational Reinforcement Learning for Agents in Worlds with Objects. In: Alonso, E., Kudenko, D., Kazakov, D. (eds) Adaptive Agents and Multi-Agent Systems. AAMAS AAMAS 2002 2001. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 2636. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44826-8_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44826-8_18
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-40068-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-44826-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive