Abstract
Shape simplification in map-like representations is used for two reasons: either to abstract from irrelevant detail to reduce a map user’s cognitive load, or to simplify information when a map of a smaller scale is derived from a detailed reference map. We present a method for abstracting simplified cartographic representations from more accurate spatial data. First, the employed method of discrete curve evolution developed for simplifying perceptual shape characteristics is explained. Specific problems of applying the method to cartographic data are elaborated. An algorithm is presented, which on the one hand simplifies spatial data up to a degree of abstraction intended by the user; and which on the other hand does not violate local spatial ordering between (elements of) cartographic entities, since local arrangement of entities is assumed to be an important spatial knowledge characteristic. The operation of the implemented method is demonstrated using two different examples of cartographic data.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Berendt, B., Barkowsky, T., Freksa, C., & Kelter, S. (1998a). Spatial representation with aspect maps. In C. Freksa, C. Habel, & K. F. Wender (Eds.), Spatial cognition-An interdisciplinary approach to representing and processing spatial knowledge (pp. 313–336). Berlin: Springer.
Berendt, B., Rauh, R., & Barkowsky, T. (1998b). Spatial thinking with geographic maps: an empirical study. In H. Czap, H. P. Ohly, & S. Pribbenow (Eds.), Herausforderungen an die Wissensorganisation: Visualisierung, multimediale Dokumente, Internetstrukturen (pp. 63–73). W:urzburg: ERGON Verlag.
Freksa, C., Barkowsky, T., & Klippel, A. (1999). Spatial symbol systems and spatial cognition: A computer science perspective on perception-based symbol processing. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22(4), 616–617.
Hake, G., & Grünreich, D. (1994). Kartographie. Berlin, New York: de Gruyter.
He, W., & Marriott, K. (1996). Constrained graph layout. In S. North (Ed.), Graph drawing (Proceedings of the Symposium on Graph Drawing, GD’96, Berkeley, CA, USA) (pp. 217–232). Berlin: Springer.
Jones, C.B. (1997). Geographical information systems and computer cartography. Essex: Longman.
Kamps, T., Kleinz, J., & Read, J. (1995). Constraint-based spring-model algorithm for graph layout. In R. Tamassia & I. G. Tollis (Eds.), Graph drawing (pp. 349–360). Berlin: Springer.
Latecki, L.J., & Lakämper, R. (1999a). Convexity rule for shape decomposition based on discrete contour evolution. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 73(3), 441–454.
Latecki, L.J., & Lakämper, R. (1999b). Contour-based shape similarity. Proc. of Int. Conf. on Visual Information Systems, Amsterdam, June 1999. Berlin: Springer.
Latecki, L.J., & Lakämper, R. (1999c). Polygon Evolution by Vertex Deletion. Proc. of Int. Conf. on Scale-Space Theories in Computer Vision, Corfu, Greece, September 1999.
Latecki, L.J., & Lakämper, R. (2000a). Application of planar shape comparison to object retrieval in image databases. Pattern Recognition (PR), to appear.
Latecki, L.J., & Lakämper, R. (2000b). Shape similarity measure based on correspondence of visual parts. IEEE Trans. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI), to appear.
Montello, D.R. (1993). Scale and multiple psychologies of space. In A. Frank & I. Campari (Eds.), Spatial information theory: A theoretical basis for GIS. LNCS No. 716 (pp. 312–321). Berlin: Spring
Morrison, A. (1996). Public transport maps in western European cities. The Cartographic Journal, 33(2), 93–110.
Müller, J. C., Lagrange, J. P., & Weibel, R. (Eds.). (1995). GIS and generalization: Methodology and practice. London: Taylor & Francis.
Schlieder, C. (1996). Qualitative shape representation. In P. Burrough & A. Frank (Eds.), Geographic objects with indeterminate boundaries (pp. 123–140). London: Taylor & Francis.
Siddiqi, K., Kimia, B.B. (1995). Parts of visual form: Computational aspects. IEEE Trans. PAMI, 17, 239–251.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2000 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Barkowsky, T., Latecki, L.J., Richter, K.F. (2000). Schematizing Maps: Simplification of Geographic Shape by Discrete Curve Evolution. In: Freksa, C., Habel, C., Brauer, W., Wender, K.F. (eds) Spatial Cognition II. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 1849. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45460-8_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45460-8_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-67584-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-45460-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive