Abstract
In this paper we develop a notion of “objective trust” for Software Agents, that is trust of, or between, Agents based on actual experiences between those Agents. Experiential objective trust allows Agents to make decisions about how to select other Agents when a choice has to be made. We define a mechanism for such an “objective Trust-Based Agent” (oTB-Agent), and present experimental results in a simulated trading environment based on an Intelligent Networks (IN) scenario. The trust one Agent places in another is dynamic, updated on the basis of each experience. We use this to investigate three questions related to trust in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS), first how trust affects the formation of trading partnerships, second, whether trust developed over a period can equate to “loyalty” and third whether a less than scrupulous Agent can exploit the individual nature of trust to its advantage.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Artikis A., Kamara L. and Pitt J. (2001) “Towards an Open Society Model and Animation”, in the Proceedings of Agent-Based Simulation II Workshop, Passau, pp. 48–55
Axelrod, R. (1990) “The Evolution of Cooperation”, London: Penguin Books
Barber, K.S. and Kim, J. (2000) “Belief Revision Process Based on Trust: Agents Evaluating Reputation of Information Sources”, Workshop on “Deception, Fraud and Trust in Agent Societies”, Autonomous Agents, 2000, pp. 15–26
Biswas, A., Debnath, S. and Sen, S. (1999) “Believing Others: Pros and Cons”, Proc. IJCAI-99 Workshop “Agents Learning About, From and With Other Agents”
Cantwell, J. (1998) “Resolving Conflicting Information”, in the Journal of Logic, Language and Information, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 191–220
Castelfranchi C., Conte R., Paolucci M (1998) “Normative Reputation and the Costs of Compliance”, in Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, Vol. 1, No. 3, http://jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk/1/3/3.html
Castelfranchi, C. and Falcone, R. (1998) “Principles of Trust for MAS: Cognitive Anatomy, Social Importance, and Quantification”, ICMAS-98, pp. 72–79
Dignum, F. and Linder, B. (1996) “Modelling Social Agents: Communication as Action”, in “Intelligent Agents III: Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages”, pp. 205–217
FIPA (1997) “FIPA-97 Specification, Part 2: Agent Communication Language”, http://www.fipa.org
Gambetta, D. (ed.) (1988) “Trust: making and Breaking Cooperative Relations”, Basil Blackwell, Oxford.
Griffiths, N. and Luck, M. (1999) “Cooperative Plan Selection Through Trust”, in Proc. 9th European Workshop on Multi-Agent Systems Engineering (MAAMAW’99), Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 162–174
He, Q, Sycara, K. and Su, Z. (1998) “Security Infrastructure for Software Agent Society”, in Trust and Deception in Virtual Societies, eds. Castelfranchi and Hua-Tan, pp. 137–154
Jennings, N., et al. (1999) “FIPA-compliant Agents for Real-time Control of Intelligent Network Traffic”, Computer Networks, Vol. 31, pp. 2017–2036
Jones, A. and Firozabadi, B. (1998) “On the Characterisation of a Trusting Agent-Aspects of a Formal Approach”, in Castelfranchi, C. and Hua-Tan (eds.) “Trust and Deception in Virtual Societies”, pp. 155–166
Jonker, C.M. and Treur, J. (1999) “Formal Analysis of Models for the Dynamics of Trust Based on Experiences”, in Proc. 9th European Workshop on Multi-Agent Systems Engineering (MAAMAW’ 99), Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 221–232
Lorenz, E.H. (1988) “Neither Friends nor Strangers: Informal Networks of Subcontracting in French Industry”, in: [10], pp. 194–209
Marsh, S. (1994) “Trust in Distributed Artificial Intelligence”, in Proc. 4th European Workshop on Multi-Agent Systems Engineering (MAAMAW’ 92), Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 94–113
Patel, A., Prouskas, K., Barria, J. and Pitt, J. (2000) “IN Load Control using a Competitive Market-based Multi-Agent System”, in Proc. Intelligence and Services in Networks 2000 (IS&N-2000), pp. 239–254
Pham, X.H. and Betts, R. (1994) “Congestion Control in Intelligent Networks”, Computer Networks and ISDN Systems, Vol. 26, No. 5, pp. 511–524
Prouskas, K., Patel, A., Pitt, J. and Barria, J. (2000) “A Multi-Agent System for Intelligent Network Load Control Using a Market-based Approach”, in Proc. 4th Int. Conf. on MultiAgent Systems (ICMAS-2000), pp. 231–238
Schaerf, A., Shoham, Y. and Tennenholtz, M. (1995) “Adaptive Load Balancing: A Study in Multi-Agent Learning”, Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research, Vol. 2, pp. 475–500
Schillo, M. and Funk, P. (1999) “Learning from and about other Agents in Terms of Social Metaphors”, in Proc. “Agents Learning about, from and with other Agents” Workshop.
Sholtz, F. and Hanrahan, H. (1999) “Market Based Control of SCP Congestion in Intelligent Networks”, South African Telecommunications Networks and Applications Conference (SATNAC-99)
Thirunavukkarasu, C., Finin, T. and Mayfield, J. (1995) “Secret Agents-A Security Architecture for the KQML”, Proc. ACM CIKM Intelligent Information Agents Workshop, Baltimore, December 1995
Watkins, C.J.C.H. (1989) “Learning from Delayed Rewards”, King’s College, Cambridge University (Ph.D. thesis)
Williams, B. (1988) “Formal Structures and Social Reality”, in: [10], pp. 3–13
Wong, H.C. and Sycara, K. (1999) “Adding Security and Trust to Multi-Agent Systems”, in: Proc. of Autonomous Agents’ 99 Workshop on Deception, Fraud, and Trust in Agent Societies, pp. 149–161
Zacharia, G. (1999) “Trust Management Through Reputation Mechanisms”, Workshop on “Deception, Fraud and Trust in Agent Societies”, Autonomous Agents, 1999, pp. 163–167
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2001 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Witkowski, M., Artikis, A., Pitt, J. (2001). Experiments in Building Experiential Trust in a Society of Objective-Trust Based Agents. In: Falcone, R., Singh, M., Tan, YH. (eds) Trust in Cyber-societies. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 2246. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45547-7_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45547-7_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-43069-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-45547-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive